【摘要】 目的:引入时间因素,从文献引文轨迹特征和累积被引速率快慢的角度验证Hell(1994)是否为睡美人文献,并分析其唤醒机制。方法:提出被引速率和延迟承认指数识别睡美人文献;与睡美人文献的同被引速率、共同延迟承认指数识别王子文献,并应用CitNetExporler分析睡美人及其王子文献之间的有向引用网络。结果:Hell(1994)被引速率最慢、延迟承认指数最高,被引次数的年代分布特征同时证明其是睡美人。另外,不仅验证了Nature Methods科学史评论中提到的Hell(2000)是唤醒Hell(1994)的王子,还发现另一篇王子Hell(2003),以及两篇“王子的扈从”——Betzig(2006)和Rust&Zhuang(2006),四者与Hell(1994)的同被引轨迹和睡美人本身的引文轨迹近乎完全一致。结论:结合被引速率和延迟承认指数,可较快识别出文献集合中的睡美人文献;在睡美人所有施引文献的参考文献中,发表于睡美人文献引用突增年,同被引速度、共同延迟承认指数分别与睡美人文献的被引速率、延迟承认指数越接近,越有可能是王子文献。王子文献可能不止一篇,它(们)本身是高被引文献且往往发表于更高影响力的期刊。在预测零被引或低被引论文未来高被引的潜力时,变革性研究类文献可作为重要线索。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective;Based on citation curve and citation speed,which measures how fast a paper accumulates its citations,we try to investigate whether a paper by Nobel laureate Stephan W.Hell,hereafter noted as Hell(1994),is a Sleeping Beauty document and identify the Princes who wake up the Sleeping Beauty,if that’s the case.Methods:Two pairs of indicators,i.e.Citation Speed and Delayed Recognition Index(DRI) as well as Co-Citation Speed and co-Delayed Recognition Index(cDRI) are proposed for rapidly discovering Sleeping Beauties and their Princes.CitNetExporler is used to reveal direct citation networks composed of the concerned documents.Results:There was a significant pattern of delayed recognition revealed by three aspects;Hell(1994)’s citation distribution over 1994-2014 period,a very slow citation speed and very high DRI.We did not only find that Hell(2000) is the first prince,but also detected another prince i.e.Hell(2003) and two "retinues" of the prince i.e.Betzig(2006) and Rust & Zhuang(2006).It seems that these four documents(two princes and two retinues) led more authors to refer to Hell(1994).Conclusions:Citation Speed and DRI are proved effective metrics for distinguishing "sleeping beauties" citation patterns from "flash in the pan" patterns.By examining the reference list of articles citing Sleeping Beauties,one can discern ’Prince’ articles characterized by the following features:1) They were published not long after Sleeping Beauty’s awakening;2) They are highly co-cited with Sleeping Beauty;3) They have almost the same co-citation speed and co-Delayed Recognition Index with Sleeping Beauty.A Sleeping Beauty may need a prince plus other agents to wake her up,and those documents with awakening function tend to be highly cited articles also and published in journals with higher impact than the journals publishing sleeping beauties.Publications belonging to so-called transformative research,when less cited,may be given special attention,because they may almost suddenly attract a lot of attention after a period of time,as reflected in our case.更多还原