【摘要】 从某种意义上说,中国传统社会是一个政统和道统相互博弈的社会,二者都希望将对方驯服。在这样的社会格局下,代表道统的知识分子要实现自己的道德理想和政治抱负,必定会遭遇诸多的现实壁垒。知识分子依据自己对于现实政治和后世名声的判断决定自己对于政治的用舍行藏和出处辞受,从而形成了自己对于政权的依附性,但是这种依附性不是没有限度的。正是在现实政权面前对于自己超越精神的坚持,使知识分子发展出一种独特的内在超越精神,从而使他们在遭遇政治挫折时能够有一方可以退守安宁的精神净土。更多还原

【Abstract】 In a sense,the traditional Chinese society is one in which confucian orthodoxy played games with political power. In such a social situation,the intellectuals on behalf of the confucian orthodoxy are bound to encounter many practical barriers to realize their moral ideals and political aspirations. In their judgments based on political realities and later fame,intellecyuls choose resignation or inauguration in the bureaucratic system,thus forming the dependency on the regime. This dependence has its own limits. It is the insist on their spirit that forces them to develop a unique characteristic of inward transcendence,so that they can retreat to a peaceful and pure land when facing to the political setbacks.更多还原