【摘要】 [目的]了解上海市杨浦区急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒病例发生特征,讨论干预方法。[方法]回顾性分析2008—2013年杨浦区医疗机构报告的384例急性CO中毒患者的中毒原因、发病年龄、性别、地点、时间等。[结果]该区急性CO中毒病例384例,死亡2例,其中女性230例(59.9%);中毒在冬、春季高发,且经常发生在晚上(20:00—24:00时);病例以15~45岁年龄段居多(57.0%);中毒原因主要为煤气热水器使用不当(54.7%)和人工煤气泄漏(28.9%);发病地点主要为家中(83.9%)和群租屋(10.9%);每起事件平均中毒人数为1.5人。[结论]在居民小区加强冬、春季室内通风,开展自救互救知识培训,经常对燃气器具和设备进行检查;生产企业加强作业场所通风排毒,安装燃气报警仪,规范操作;对餐饮工作人员、基础工程建设人员开展宣传教育;对自杀患者开展心理干预。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To describe the characteristics of acute carbon monoxide poisoning(ACOP) cases in Yangpu District of Shanghai, and to discuss relevant intervention measures. [Methods] Data of 384 patients with ACOP reported by medical institutions in Yangpu District during 2008 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively, in terms of their gender, age of onset, location, time, etc. [Results] In total 384 ACOP cases were reported in Yangpu District of Shanghai, involving 2 fatal cases, and women(n=230) accounted for 59.9%. The highest poisoning incidents occurred during spring and winter, especially at night(20:00-24:00). The patients at 15-45 years old accounted for 57.0% of the total cases. Main causes included improper use of gas heaters(54.7%) and artificial gas leakage(28.9%). Inside house(83.9%) and group renting houses(10.7%) were the main onset spots. The average number of victims involved per incident of poisoning was 1.5. [Conclusion] The findings suggest increasing indoor ventilation in winter and spring, providing trainings of self-rescue and mutual-rescue, regularly checking on gas appliances and equipment in residential areas; enhancing ventilation, installing gas alarms, and standardizing operations in workplaces; conducting health education for catering staff and urban infrastructure workers; and developing psychological intervention for patients with suicide attempt.更多还原