【摘要】 目的 比较终末期肾脏疾病患者采用血液透析（hemodialysis,HD）治疗和腹膜透析（peritoneal dialysis,PD）治疗对生活质量状况的影响。方法 选择60例首次进行PD和HD治疗的住院患者（PD组30例,HD组30例）采用问卷调查法的方式,运用肾脏疾病相关生活质量1.3量表(kidney disease quality of life short form,KDQOL-SF^TM1.3量表)进行相关调查。每月发放1次,连续发放8个月。共发放问卷480份,有效问卷480份,有效率100%。结果 症状因子（symptom/problem list,SPL）明显随治疗时间的变化而持续的增高,具有统计学意义（P=0.000）;HD组SPL在持续增高后第6、7个月时达到2组最大值,以后基本持平;PD组SPL在趋于平稳增高的过程中第8个月达到PD组的最大值。肾病影响因子（effects of kidney disease,EKD）随治疗时间的变化而变化,其关联性具有统计学意义（P=0.018）;PD组EKD增高后第3、5个月时达到2组的最大值后基本持平;HD组EKD增高过程中趋于平稳,第8个月时达到了HD组的最大值。睡眠状况随治疗时间的变化而增高,具有统计学意义（P=0.029）;HD组睡眠状况在持续增高后第6个月时达到2组的最大值后趋于平稳;PD组睡眠状况第3个月时达到了PD组的最大值后趋于平稳。躯体功能因子（physical function,PF）明显随治疗时间的变化而增高,具有统计学意义（P=0.000）;HD组PF在明显持续增高后第6、8个月时达到2组的最大值;PD组PF也在明显持续增高后第6、7和8个月时达到了PD组的最大值。活力、精力因子（vitality,VT）明显随治疗时间的变化而降低,具有统计学意义（P=0.000）;2组均在明显持续增高,第3个月达到最大值后明显持续下降,呈先增加后减少的现象。结论终末期肾脏疾病患者初期治疗时,可以根据患者自身情况和家庭社会情况,正确的指导和帮助患者,为患者选择更加合理可行的透析方式和方案,改善和提高其生活质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore and compare the effects of hemodialysis（HD） vs.peritoneal dialysis（PD） of the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease（ESRD）.Methods Sixty cases of ESRD receiving initial PD（PD group,n = 30） or HD（HD group,n = 30） were surveyed by the questionnaire procedure.Kidney disease quality of life short form(KDQQL SF^TM Version 1.3 was used.The forms were distributed per month for consecutive 8 months.There were 480 questionnaires in total,in which valid questionnaires were 480,with the effective rate being was 100%.Results（1）SPL was continuously increased with time with the correlation being statistically significant（P =0.0000）.HD group got the maximum value for 2 groups at the sixth and seventh month after constant increases,and thereafter the value basically remained unchanged.PD group reached the maximum value at the eighth month after stable increases.（2） Effects of kidney disease（EKD） varied with the time with the correlation being statistically significant（P = 0.018）.PD group got the maximum value for 2groups at the third and fifth month after constant increases and the value was basically the same after that HD group reached the maximum value at the eighth month after stable increases.（3） Sleep patterns increased over time with the correlation being statistically significant（P = 0.029）.HD group got the maximum value for 2 groups at the sixth month after constant increased,and the value was basically the same after that PD group got the maximum value at the third month after stable increases.（4） Physical function（PF） increased over time with the correlation being statistically significant（P =0.0000）.HD group reached the maximum value for 2 groups at the sixth and eighth month after constant increases.PD group got the maximum value at the sixth,seventh and eighth month after significant increases.（5） Vitality（VT） changed over time with the correlation being statistically significant（P = 0.0000）.The VT values in both groups were constantly increased,and got the maximum at the third month and then decreased significantly after that Conclusions In the initial treatment,we can provide the correct guidance and help patients with ESRD to choose the more reasonable and feasible methods of dialysis,according to the patient’s personal situation and family social condition.更多还原