【摘要】 随着纳米技术的飞速发展,纳米材料因其优良的物理化学性能在生物医学领域表现出巨大的应用潜力,已被广泛应用于药物/基因传递、疾病诊断、以及组织工程修复等,尤其在纳米抗癌制剂的研究中占有独特的地位.其中,介孔硅纳米粒子(mesoporous silica nanoparticle,MSN)因其独特的优良性能,如合成方法简单易行、重复性好、纳米粒子尺寸及介孔孔径均一可调、比表面积高、孔体积大、表面易进行功能化修饰、具有良好的生物相容性、能够有效负载诊疗制剂,而被广泛应用于构建药物控制释放系统.这种以介孔硅纳米粒子为基底构建的多功能智能响应载体系统能够有效运载抗肿瘤药物,其能够在到达病变部位以前保持"零释放"性能,而在进一步靶向功能基介导下特异性达到肿瘤部位或细胞后,在特异性刺激信号作用下响应性释放药物.这种将抗癌药物特异性传递至靶位点的方式,能够极大程度地发挥药物治疗效果,有效降低抗癌药物毒副作用,提高药物利用率,从而为高效抗肿瘤治疗提供保障.本文综述了刺激响应型介孔硅纳米粒子在抗癌纳米医学中的系列应用,着重介绍用于智能药物释放和肿瘤靶向治疗的介孔硅纳米粒子的多种功能化构建策略.更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical characteristics, have offered tremendous potential for biomedical application. Among them, mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs), a class of well-established nanoplatforms with different structures and compositions, have been widely used to develop drug delivery systems owing to their unique physical-chemical properties, such as tunable particle/pore size, high surface area and pore volume, easy surface modification, remarkable stability and biocompatibility, and high drug loading efficiency. Moreover, MSN-based nanocarriers with "zero premature release" property have proven to be excellent devices for drug delivery. A variety of fluorescent dyes and pharmaceutical drugs were encapsulated in MSNs for controlled release. In addition, numerous efforts have been made to develop smart nanovalves on the surface of MSN to provide on-command release of drug in response to different stimuli, including light, enzymes, p H, redox, temperature, and competitive molecules. Furthermore, the outer surface of MSN can be modified with various functional groups, that play critical roles(stealth or targeting) in overcoming the multistage barriers found in the drug delivery process. Fabrication of MSN-based, multifunctional, stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems can effectively encapsulate anticancer drugs and can maintain "zero premature release" before reaching the diseased site. Once they arrive at the tumor site with the aid of targeting groups, the nanodevice can be activated by a specific stimulus to release the drug. The delivery of anticancer drugs to a specific target site can alleviate toxic side effects and improve the therapeutic index of drugs; thus, achieving significantly enhanced anticancer efficiency. Herein, we reviewed various strategies for the design of stimuli-responsive, MSN-based drug delivery systems, and multifunctional MSN for targeted cancer therapy.更多还原