【摘要】 为给海南省油茶主要种植区土壤养分科学管理提供依据,选择临高、文昌、屯昌、琼中、五指山等8市县的主要野生油茶园采集表层土壤(0~40cm),调查海南省主要野生油茶园土壤养分状况。测定土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、全氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铜和有效锌等12项指标,参照土壤肥力丰缺指标评价了各调查点的肥力水平。结果表明:海南省主要野生油茶园土壤pH值普遍偏低,集中分布于4.15~4.94范围内;土壤中的氮素和微量元素均较为丰富;磷、钾处于缺乏状态,钙和镁则处于极度缺乏状态。琼海的中原、屯昌的坡心和五指山的南圣镇土壤肥力水平相对较高,澄迈的中兴和临高的南宝镇土壤肥力水平相对较低,建议重视钙镁肥的应用,改善土壤养分结构,提高产量和茶油品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to provide a basis for scientific management of soil fertility at the main planting areas of Camellia oleifera in Hainan Province,soil samples(0-40 cm) were collected from major wild C.oleifera forests in 8 cities or counties,including Lingao,Wenchang,Tunchang,Qiongzhong,Wuzhi mountain and so on,and nutrient status of major wild C.oleifera forests in Hainan Province was investigated.Twelve indexes were determined,including soil p H value,organic matter,alkali hydrolysable N,total N,total P,available P,total K,available K,exchangeable Ca,exchangeable Mg,available Cu and available Zn,and soil fertility levels at each investigated sites.The results showed that soil p H values of the major wild C.oleifera forests in Hainan Province were generally low,and concentrated distribution range was 4.15-4.94.N element and microelements in the soil samples were rich,but P and K elements were lack,and Ca and Mg elements were extremely lack.Soil fertilities were relatively higher in Zhongyuan Town of Qionghai,Poxin Town of Tunchang and Nansheng Town of Wuzhi Mountain City.But soil fertilities were lower in Zhongxing Town of Chengmai and Nanbao Town of Lingao.On the whole,attention should be paid to application of Ca and Mg fertilizers,to improve soil nutrients structure and increase yield and quality of C.oleifera oil.更多还原