【摘要】 采用三氯乙烯作为氯乙烯模拟液,研究主/助乳化剂结构、用量和比例等对分散液滴粒径及粒度分布的影响。采用5 L高压夹套釜进行氯乙烯微悬浮聚合,研究主/助乳化剂结构、用量、比例和水油比对PVC初级粒子平均粒径和粒度分布的影响。发现以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为主乳化剂时分散液滴的尺寸最小,PVC胶乳稳定,粒度分布窄;随着脂肪醇助乳化剂链长的增加,分散液滴尺寸明显减小,十六醇、十八醇或两者的混合醇是氯乙烯微悬浮聚合适宜的助乳化剂;随着十六醇或十六~十八混合醇与SDS用量比的增加,分散液滴和PVC胶乳粒子的尺寸逐渐减小,粒度分布趋窄。微悬浮聚合PVC糊树脂包含粒径范围较宽但呈连续分布的初级粒子,通过主/助乳化剂用量比的改变,可调节PVC初级粒子的平均粒径及粒度分布。更多还原

【Abstract】 The influences of the structure of main and auxiliary emulsifiers,their usage and mass ratio on the mean size and size distribution of dispersed droplets were investigated through using trichloroethylene as the model of vinyl chloride. The influences of the structure of main and auxiliary emulsifiers,their usage and mass ratio,and water / monomer mass ratio on the mean size and size distribution of PVC primariy particles were investigated through micro-suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in a 5-L jacketed autoclave. It was found that the size of droplets was the smallest and PVC latex was stable when sodium dodecyl sulfate( SD S) was used as the main emulsifier. The size of droplets decreased with the increase of the chain length of fatty alcohols. C16,C18 alcohols or their mixtures were suitable auxiliary emulsifier for vinyl chloride micro-suspension polymerization. The droplet and PVC latex particle sizes decreased and size distribution became narrowas the mass ratio between C16 or C16- 18 alcohol and SD S increased. M icro-suspension PVC paste resin was composed of primary particles with a wide size range and continuous size distribution. The mean size and size distribution of PVC primary particles could be adjusted by varying the usage and ratio of main and auxiliary emulsifiers.更多还原