【摘要】 多级结构材料具有微纳米尺度范围内结构可调、多功能化等特点而受到广泛关注.微流体技术具有独特的微尺寸效应和易操控性,应用于多级结构材料制备具有明显优势.国外对此有较多研究,国内也取得了很多进展,有些方面还处于领先水平.本文对国内微流体技术制备多级结构材料方面的研究进展进行了综述,主要介绍了基于这一技术新开发的各种制备方法,包括界面反应法、界面萃取、液滴分相和多重乳液等,阐述了各种新制备方法的科学原理、所采用的微流体装置的特点和所制得的多级结构材料的类型与结构特征,为进一步利用微流体技术开发新型多级结构材料及其制备方法提供有用信息,最后对今后的发展趋势进行了展望.更多还原

【Abstract】 Hierarchically structured materials, which exhibit tailorable properties and multi-functionalization at the micro-scale, have recently attracted extensive attention. Microfluidic technique offers significant advantages such as unique micro-scale effects and versatile operation in the preparation of these materials, leading to successful fabrication of various materials with complex structure or unusual morphology. In China, many progresses have also been made in this area, some of which are extrodinory in terms of skillful design and configuration of the materials. Thus, it is quite necessary to summarize these progresses. This paper reviews the latest progresses and development in the preparation of hierarchically structured materials by microfluidic technique, with the emphasis put on those developed in China. Various synthesis methods such as interfacial polymerization, interfacial extraction, liquid-phase separation, multi-emulsions, etc., and the corresponding scientific principles behind these methods are introduced. The design of microfluidic devices and the structures of these as-synthesized hierarchical materials are also elucidated. The perspectives for future research and developments are also described.更多还原