【摘要】 近年来,大竹蛏野生资源因过度捕捞等原因急剧减少,主要通过人工增殖放流方式进行补充。对我国沿海大竹蛏群体进行遗传多样性研究,评判增殖放流活动对野生群体遗传结构的影响,能够了解大竹蛏当前的种质资源状况,为合理保护该资源提供科学依据。采用ISSR分子标记技术,对广西北海(BH)、江苏启东(QD)、山东日照(RZ)、辽宁营口(YK)、河北秦皇岛(QH)5个野生大竹蛏群体及江苏蒋家沙增殖放流群体(JJ)共150个样品进行了研究。实验结果表明,我国沿海大竹蛏遗传多样性水平高,但各野生群体间已出现显著的遗传分化;江苏蒋家沙增殖放流群体较启东野生群体遗传多样性有所下降,但两群体间的遗传分化并不明显。所以在苗种培育过程中,应当保证亲本数量及品质,扩大亲本选择区域来提高遗传多样性水平,同时应加大本地原种保护力度来避免种质混杂。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to overfishing and other reasons, wild Solen grandis resources decreased sharply, to which stock enhancement reproduction and release becomes a major supplemental way. To understand S. grandis germplasm resources and provide a scientific basis for the protection of S. grandis resource, we studied the genetic diversity of its populations along coastal areas of China. Five wild populations including Beihai(BH)(Guangxi), Qidong(QD)(Jiangsu), Rizhao(RZ)(Shandong), Yingkou(YK)(Liaoning), and Qinhuangdao(QH)(Hebei), and a stock population in Jiangjia sandbar(JJ)(Jiangsu), were selected and sampled for ISSR(inter-simple sequence repeat)analysis. Results show that S. grandis showed a high level of genetic diversity, and genetic differentiation among wild populations had been significant. Comparing with wild population QD, the genetic diversity of population JJ decreased, but the genetic differentiation between the two populations was not significant. Therefore, we could guarantee the quantity and quality of the parents, expand parental area to increase genetic diversity, and pay great attention to protecting the local precious germplasm not to be confounded.更多还原