【摘要】 以黔中山区主推的玉米品种为材料,设计了免耕、少耕窝播、少耕沟播等处理,研究免少耕栽培对玉米生长发育、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明,与常规翻耕种植相比,玉米免少耕栽培的生育期可缩短1~3 d,株高可增高5.67~9.00 cm,穗位高增高4.00~8.67 cm,百粒重增重0.05~0.90 g,秃尖下降0.10~0.26 cm,产量降低81.45~506.5 kg/hm2,减产0.75%~4.69%,但由于省去了耕翻地和中耕培土等农艺工序,节约成本2 250元/hm2以上,经济效益明显高于常规种植。同时,免少耕栽培可有效缓解农村劳动力缺乏的矛盾,在劳动力缺乏的地区可广泛推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to analyze the effects of no-minimal tillage cultivation on the growth, yield and economic benefit of maize, a test was conducted with the treatments of no-tillage, minimal tillage and bunch sowing, minimal tillage and furrow sowing, and the major maize varieties in Guizhou mountain area as material. The results showed that compared with traditional tillage, the growth period of maize in no-minimal tillage cultwation reduced 1~3 d, the plant height increased 5.67~9.00 cm, the ear height improved 4.00~8.67 cm, 100-grain weight increased 0.05~0.90 g, the bald needle decreased 0.10~0.26 cm, and the yield dropped 81.45~506.5 kg/hm2. And the no-minimal tillage saved a cost of over 2 250 yuan/hm2, had more significant economic benefits than traditional cultivation, and could make effective solution to the labor shortage in rural area and be applied widely in the area lack of labor.更多还原