【摘要】 目的探讨某国家级重金属污染重点防控区儿童血镉水平及其与肾功能损伤的关系。方法于2012年7月在某重金属重点防护区域(n=203)和非污染区(n=218)各选择1所小学作为研究现场,采用分层抽样方法抽取两所学校三~五年级学生进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血和晨尿,以电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定全血中镉水平,检测尿肌酐、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)和β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)浓度。结果儿童血镉浓度范围为0.11~2.33μg/L,污染区和对照区儿童血镉中位数分别为0.51和0.32μg/L,污染区高于对照区,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);单因素分析结果显示,父母文化程度和家庭年收入较高的儿童血镉水平较低(P<0.05);多重线性回归结果表明,在重金属重点防控区生活的儿童血镉水平较高(P<0.05);污染区儿童尿β2-MG和RBP浓度均高于对照区,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着儿童静脉血镉浓度的增加,尿β2-MG和RBP呈上升趋势,尿β2-MG、RBP浓度与血镉呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论该重金属重点防护区域儿童处于高镉负荷状态,可能影响肾近曲小管重吸收功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the relationship between blood cadmium and renal damage in children in a heavy metalspolluted area in China. Methods In an area for heavy metals pollution prevention and control(polluted area)(n=203) and an unpolluted(control) area(n=218), one primary school was chosen in each area. Grade 3-5 students were selected as the study subjects, the blood and urine samples were collected. The levels of cadmium in whole blood, the levels of β2-MG and retinal binding protein in urine were determined. Results The concentration of blood cadmium in children ranged from 0.11 to 2.33μg/L. Children’s median levels of blood cadmium in polluted area and control area were 0.51 and 0.32 μg/L respectively. The blood cadmium levels of children from polluted area were significantly higher than the controls(P<0.05). Educational level of parents and family income were the influencing factors. The multiple regression analysis showed that living in a heavy metals-polluted area had a significant influence on children’s blood cadmium(P <0.05). Urinary β2-MG and retinal binding protein levels of children from the polluted area was significantly higher than the controls(P<0.05). Urinary β2-MG and retinal binding protein levels was respectively correlated with blood cadmium(P <0.05). Conclusion Higher levels of blood cadmium was found in school children living in the heavy metals-polluted area. Elevated levels of cadmium may cause renal damage.更多还原