【摘要】 针对电站锅炉产能关键环节的水处理系统,从化工过程安全的视野提出将危险性和可操作性分析(HAZOP)与保护层分析(LOPA)法用于锅炉水处理系统防腐阻垢性能风险评估中,并对LOPA的基本程序和计算步骤作了新的注解。以锅炉水处理剂处理后的水质不达标等为初始事件,分析失效后果并计算事故后果概率,最后,对比分析采取本质更安全设计等保护层前后的风险等级值,确定是否需要增加其他的安全措施。结合LOPA法,将人本管理思想融入企业风险管理,在风险决策方面给出合理可行的建议。结果表明:利用LOPA法进行锅炉水处理系统防腐阻垢性能的风险评估是可行的,给出的建议措施可降低风险;将LOPA法融入锅炉产能环节的HAZOP分析中,能进一步丰富HAZOP的分析结果;"保护层分析+风险评估+人本管理"可成为有效的安全管理新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve problems in water treatment system of the power station boiler,a new method using the HAZOP and LOPA in risk assessment for anticorrosion and scale inhibition properties was proposed in this paper. The basic principles and calculation steps of LOPA were annotated. The consequence of the hazard scenario was determined by calculating the probability of accidents. And specific implementable recommendations were provided by comparing the risk levels of independent protective layers system and ordinary system. The results showed that the LOPA method in risk assessment for anticorrosion and scale inhibition properties of boiler was feasible, and that recommended measures can reduce risk. Therefore,LOPA can further enrich HAZOP analysis results when introduced into boiler capacity link,and layers of protection analysis risk assessment combined with humanistic management could be a new and effective security management model used by energy enterprise.更多还原