【摘要】 目的研究四川省民族地区综合县级医院常住人口的急诊流行病学特征。方法对2013年松潘县常住人口到松潘县人民医院急诊科就诊的患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,描述患者性别、年龄及民族构成,统计急诊疾病谱,分析就诊时间时刻、月份及季节分布特点,描述急诊患者转归。结果纳入研究的急诊患者共8 532例,年龄(29.40±21.18)岁,其中男性5 270例,女性3 262例,汉族3 684例(43.18%),藏族2 248例(26.35%),回族1 570例(18.40%),羌族1 022例(11.99%),其他民族8例(0.09%),排名前5位疾病分别为损伤、中毒和外因的某些其他结果(39.39%),呼吸系统疾病(24.29%),症状、体征和异常的临床和化验结果(12.12%),消化系统疾病(11.88%),泌尿生殖系统疾病(3.29%),急诊患者时刻分布高峰点为13点41分(P<0.05),月份分布无高峰点及高峰段(P>0.05),季节分布以冬季最少(P<0.05),急诊患者转归以门诊随访及住院为主,转诊率为4.86%。结论我们可以根据急诊流行病学特征,加强与少数民族民众的文化交流,增加急诊投入,合理调配急诊资源,引进专业人才,稳定急诊队伍,重视学科建设,促进民族地区急诊医学的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the epidemiologic features of emergency cases among residential population in a county-level general hospital of ethnic minority area in Sichuan province. Methods The clinical data of emergency cases among residential population in Songpan People’s Hospital in 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The gender, age, ethnic composition, disease spectrum, time distribution, and the outcome of these patients were reviewed.Results A total of 8 532 cases [(29.40±21.18) years old, 5 270 males and 3 262 females] of residential population were enrolled, among which 3 684 cases(43.18%) were of Han nationality, 2 248 cases(26.35%) were Tibetan, 1 570cases(18.40%) were Hui, 1 022 cases(11.99%) were Qiang, and 8 cases(0.09%) were of other ethnic groups. The five-top diseases in the study were respectively injury, poisoning and other consequences of external causes(39.39%),respiratory diseases(24.29%), symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings(12.12%), digestive diseases(11.88%), and diseases of the genitourinary system(3.29%). In terms of circadian distribution, the peak time of occurrence of emergency was 13:41(P<0.05). There was no peak time in monthly distribution(P>0.05).And in accordance with the seasonal distribution, the occurrence of emergency cases was lowest in winter(P<0.05).The outcome of these emergency cases was mainly outpatient follow-up and hospitalization, and the referral rate is4.86%. Conclusion According to the epidemiological characteristics of emergency medicine, we could strengthen cultural exchanges with the ethnic minority, increase emergency input, reasonably allocate emergency resources, introduce professionals, stabilize emergency team, pay attention to the discipline construction, and promote the development of emergency medicine in ethnic minority areas.更多还原