【摘要】 极地海气通量异常通过大气环流将极区和中低纬度气候变化联系起来,海气通量观测是从根本上认识极区对中低纬度气候影响实质的关键手段之一。目前,国内外高纬度定点海气通量观测非常稀少,可借鉴的极地锚锭浮标布放技术也处在摸索阶段。中国第六次北极考察队在北太平洋高纬海域白令海成功投放一套锚锭海气浮标,进行定点气温、湿度、风速、短波辐射、长波辐射,海表面温度等海气界面数据连续观测,这是我国在北太平洋高纬海域成功布放的首套锚锭浮标。通过该套锚锭浮标的成功布放,获得了我国以"雪龙"船为平台的极地锚锭浮标布放技术的宝贵经验。本文从极地锚锭浮标布放的意义、锚锭浮标介绍、布放原则和方案、布放过程及布放关键技术等方面进行阐述,为我国未来极地锚锭浮标布放提供基础和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Air-sea flux anomaly in the polar region links the middle and low latitude climate changes with the polar region through the atmospheric circulation.Therefore,the air-sea flux observation could be one of the key approaches for understanding fundamentally the influence of the polar region on the middle and low latitude climate changes.At the present,the air-sea flux observation at a fixed-point in the high-latitude is so scarce that the technology for deploying buoy is still at an exploratory stage.During the Sixth Chinese Arctic Expedition,a set of anchored air-sea buoy was successfully deployed in the Bering Sea,a high-latitude region of the North Pacific Ocean.This is the first airsea flux mooring of China that was deployed successfully in this region.Sensors mounted on the buoy can directly measure the long-and short-wave radiative heat fluxes and the surface variables such as air temperature,humidity,wind speed and sea surface temperature at the fixed point.From this successful deployment of buoy,valuable experiences of buoy deployment on the " Xue Long" platform in the polar region are obtained.The significance of mooring in the polar region,the introduction of buoy,the deployment principle and program and the key technologies are all described in detail,which would provide references and foundation for the future mooring in the polar region.更多还原