【摘要】 傅里叶变换红外光谱分析物质分子结构具有独特的优势。为认识成煤有机质在微生物降解和热解阶段的生烃演化特征及物质结构变化特征,采用密封体系生烃热解和厌氧微生物降解岩样生烃物理模拟实验及傅里叶变换红外光谱分析等技术手段,研究了成煤母质（木本泥炭）的生烃演化特征（包括热解作用生成热成因气和微生物降解作用生成生物成因气的生烃潜力）及发生微生物降解和热解作用前后样品的分子结构变化特征及其机理。结果表明随模拟温度的升高,热解气烃类气体（主要为CH₄）)累计产率逐渐增加,非烃类气体（如CO₂）分别在250和375℃出现两个产气高峰;随煤岩镜质组反射率的升高,微生物对其降解能力逐渐减弱;镜质组反射率介于1.6%¹.8%的泥炭热解样没有气体产出;泥炭经热解作用后,羟基含量随热解温度的升高先减少后增多,醛羰基、亚甲基和磷酸根的含量降低,芳香酸酯呈不单一减少趋势,伸缩振动S-O键在350℃之后的样品中出现且含量逐渐增加,说明其对微生物降解具抑制作用;泥炭经微生物降解作用后,酚、醇羟基、醛羰基、芳香酸酯、亚甲基和磷酸根的相对含量都大幅下降,且这些基团的分子间作用力相对减弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrocarbon generation and structural evolution would be occurred in the process of from coal-forming material（i.e.peat sample）transforming to the coal.While Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（FTIR）have a special advantages in analyzing molecular structure of samples.For understanding the characteristics of hydrocarbon generation and structural evolution of coal-forming material during the process of pyrolysis and microbial degradation,based on the physical simulation experiments of closed pyrolysis and anaerobic microbial degradation,the generation potential of thermogenic gas and biogenic gas were studied in this paper,and characteristics of molecular structure evolution and its mechanism was analyzed by FTIR technology.Results show that cumulative gas yields of hydrocarbon gases（mainly for methane）increased with experiment temperature.The gas yield of non-hydrocarbon gas（mainly for CO₂）exhibited two peaks at 250 and 375 ℃.The degradation ability of anaerobe on coal samples weakened with the maturity increasing and there was no gas generation on the pyrolysis samples with maturity from1.6%to 1.8%.After pyrolysis,the content of hydroxyl in peat sample decreased first and then increased with the pyrolysis temperature increasing.The content of aldehyde carbonyl,methylene and phosphate reduced.The content of aromatic esters decreased with nonlinear.The bone of S-O in stretching vibration appeared after 350 oC and its content increased with temperature.This shows that the sulfocompound restrains the activity of methanogenic bacteria.After degradation by anaerobe,the relative content of hydroxyl,aldehyde carbonyl,aromatic esters,methylene and phosphate in peat sample dropped significantly.It is shown that the intermolecular force between these groups weakened.更多还原