【摘要】 本文通过构建一个南北贸易模型的分析框架,分析贸易开放对收入差距影响的作用机制,提出了出口商品结构变动影响收入差距的相关假说,并进行了实证检验。实证检验与理论假说基本一致:南北贸易引发的技术追赶对促进南方沿海出口商品结构的优化作用要显著大于内陆地区;出口商品结构优化能显著扩大内陆地区城镇居民收入差距,而对沿海地区城镇居民收入差距的影响不显著;出口商品结构优化总体上拉动了全国层面的城镇居民收入水平,但其对沿海和内陆地区城镇居民收入水平的拉动作用存在明显区别,出口商品结构优化显著提高了沿海地区城镇居民收入水平,但其对内陆地区城镇居民收入水平的拉动作用不显著,出口商品结构优化对不同地区城镇居民收入水平影响强度上的差别是导致我国地区间收入差距的一个重要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 By constructing an analytical framework of North-South trade model, the paper analyzes the mechanism of the impact of trade openness on the income gap and puts forward the relevant hypothesis that changes in export commodity composition affect the income gap. An empirical analysis is conducted to test the hypotheses. It is found that the empirical tests are consistent with the hypotheses. Firstly, the impact of technological catch- up introduced by North- South trade on optimizing export commodity composition is significantly larger in Southern coastal regions than that in Southern inland regions. Secondly, optimizing export commodity composition can significantly widen the income gap between urban residents in inland regions, but its impact on the income gap between urban residents in coastal regions is not significant. Thirdly, optimizing export commodity composition promotes income growth of urban residents. But it has obvious different effects on the income growth of urban residents between coastal regions and inland regions. Optimizing export commodity composition promotes income growth of urban residents in coastal regions, but its promoting effect on the income of urban residents in the inland regions is not significant. These different impacts are one important factorthat leads to regional income gap. Finally, some advices on narrowing the income gap and increasing income are given based on the above analysis. These advices include promoting inter- regional labor mobility,optimizing the export commodity composition, promoting policies to support the inland regions and expanding investment in education.更多还原