【摘要】 目的调查深圳市外地学生与本地学生视力不良现况,并分析两类学生视力相关行为特征的差异。方法以深圳市宝安区学校为基础进行分层整群抽样,抽取6所公立学校和6所外来务工子弟学校,并根据学生户籍信息,剔除就读于公立学校的外地生与外来务工子弟学校的本地生后,将三至九年级学生作为调查对象进行问卷调查和视力检查,调查内容包括人口学特征、视近工作、用眼过近情况、持续用眼多长时间休息1次眼睛、课间情况、睡眠与体育活动时间等,运用二分类两水平logistic回归模型对外地学生与本地学生视力相关行为特征情况进行比较分析。结果共调查三至九年级学生9 519人,男生5 442人,女生4 077人,平均年龄为(11.98±1.95)岁,外地学生4 428人(46.5%),本地学生5 091人(53.5%),本地学生与外地学生平均年龄差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。本地学生视力不良检出率为57.24%(2 914/5 091),高于外地学生的50.52%(2 237/4 428)(P<0.01)。二分类两水平logistic回归分析结果显示,相对于本地学生,外地学生的做作业、阅读书报≥1 h/d、读书写字≥30 min休息1次眼睛、课间继续学习≥3次/d、工作日睡眠时间<9 h/d、工作日及节假日体育活动<1 h/d等行为发生的可能性更低(OR值分别为0.44、0.49、0.55、0.60、0.62、0.55、0.69);看电视、玩电脑、玩手机≥1 h/d、玩手机≥30 min休息1次眼睛、室内休息<3次/d、做眼操放松<3次/d、节假日睡眠时间<9 h/d等行为发生的可能性更高(OR值分别为1.34、1.20、1.34、1.14、1.21、1.17、3.52)。结论相对于外地学生,本地学生视力不良状况较差,主要是由学业压力及生活方式不同所致,提示针对特定人群应采取针对性的干预措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the status of eyesight dysfunction( ED) and analyze the vision-related behaviors between migrant and local students in primary and middle schools in Shenzhen.Methods A school-based cross-sectional,stratified-cluster sampling was conducted in 6 public schools and 6 migrant children schools in Baoan District,Shenzhen. Students from the private migrant primary schools and the urban public schools in grades 3 to 9 were selected. All eligible participants finished questionnaires and implemented eye examination. Multilevel logistic regression models were conducted to analyze data. Results A total of 9 519 students were surveyed and their average age was( 11. 98 ± 1. 95)years. Of them,5 442 were male and 4 077,female; 4 428( 46. 5%) were migrant and 5 091( 53. 5%),local. There was statistical significance between the average ages of the tow group students( P < 0. 01).Prevalence of ED was 57. 24%( 2 914 /5 091) for the local students and 50. 52% for the migrants( 2 237 /4 428)( P < 0. 01). The multilevel model analysis showed that the incidences of doing homework,reading books for over 1 h / d,continuously reading / writing for over 30 min,studying in classroom during the breaks for over 3 t / d,sleeping time less than 9 h / d and doing physical activities less than 1 h / d on workdays in migrant group were lower than the counterparts( OR: 0. 44,0. 49,0. 55,0. 60,0. 62,0. 55,0. 69). The incidences of watching TV / operating computer / playing mobile phone for over 1 h / d,continuously playing mobile phone for over 30 min,resting in classroom for less than 3 t / d,doing eye relaxation exercise less than 3 t / d and sleeping time less than 9 h / d on weekends and holidays among migrants were higher than the locals( OR: 1. 34,1. 20,1. 34,1. 14,1. 21,1. 17,3. 52). Conclusion Local students have worse vision than migrant ones,which indicates that specific measures should be addressed to the targeted group for prevention and control of ED.更多还原