【摘要】 利用固定床催化热解装置研究高铝矾土颗粒及负载生物质灰典型组分(KCl,Na2SO4和K2SO4)对城市污泥热解气催化裂解制油的影响,对产物产率进行统计并利用GC/MS分析热解油有机相的组分.实验结果显示,高铝矾土促进了热解气的二次裂解,使含氧有机物更容易发生脱羧、脱羰基反应生成脂肪烃,并进一步环化及芳构化产生更多的芳香族化合物.在催化剂作用下,热解油有机相的含氧化合物比例从15.77%减少到10.67%,芳香族化合物从19.01%增加到28.75%.对负载KCl的高铝矾土而言,提高催化温度及增加料层高度可以强化其催化作用.而KCl的负载对催化反应存在2种影响:在高温下易挥发形成碱性氧化物,中和部分高铝矾土表面的酸中心,抑制芳构化反应进行;钾离子与羧酸形成羧酸盐,更容易发生脱羰基反应,从而增加热解油中烃类含量.更多还原

【Abstract】 Pyrolysis of sew age sludge was conducted in a fixed bed system in order to study the catalytic effects of bauxite coating with model compounds of biomass ash( KCl,Na2SO4 and K2SO4).Products yield was measured and the components of organic phase of pyrolysis oil were analyzed by GC / MS( gas chromatography / mass spectrometer). The results show that bauxite promotes secondary cracking of pyrolysis gas,making oxygenated organic compounds prone to transform into aliphatic hydrocarbons through decarboxylation and decarbonylation reactions,and furthermore,generating more aromatics by cyclization and aromatization reactions. The ratio of oxygenated compounds contained in organic phase of pyrolysis oil reduces from 15. 77% to 10. 67% and the ratio of aromatics increases from 19. 01% to 28. 75% in the presence of catalyst. Increasing the temperature and the quantity of KCl / bauxite can enhance catalytic effects and the coating of KCl has tw o effects on catalytic effects. One is that KCl tends to evaporate forming basic oxide which can neutralize acid sites on surface of bauxite,the other is that the formation of carboxylic acid salts with existence of potassium ions can promote decarbonylation reaction and increase hydrocarbon content in organic phase.更多还原