A single wheelset high speed rolling test rig is built up to study the characteristics of the axle box acceleration(ABA) in the presence of wheel flat,with the ultimate goal of developing an on-board monitoring system for high speed trains based on the wheelset acceleration test. This paper develops a 3-D transient rolling contact finite element(FE) model with ANSYS/LS-DYNA to simulate the high speed running of the test rig.Through comparing the calculated ABAs to those collected from the rig,the FE model i...