【摘要】 首次采用了外部特征的观察,果皮细胞分离及GMA半薄切片法,深入研究了中国蓼科9属、64种、2变种的花被片及果实的形态结构。结果显示花被片边缘全缘,微波状或锯齿状。三出脉,网状脉或羽状脉。脉序的特征在属内是稳定的。果实多为三棱,双凸镜和近球形。外果皮几乎全为石细胞,石细胞多为镶嵌或栅栏状排列,具7种类型:1)近椭圆形,细胞壁波状;2)长柱状,细胞壁波状弯曲;3)近长方形,细胞壁具突起;4)长圆柱形,细胞壁具突起;5)近长方形,细胞壁平直;6)近椭圆形,细胞壁具突起;7)长条形,细胞壁波状。蓼亚科具类型1~5,酸模亚科具类型6和7。外果皮和中果皮细胞有单宁。本研究为中国蓼科的分类提供花被片及果实结构的依据,为分子系统学揭示的蓼科不是一个自然的类群提供了形态学支持,并为进一步深入研究蓼科的系统学奠定了形态学基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structures of tepals and fruits of 64 species and 2varieties representing 9genera of Polygonaceae in China were studied using glycol methacrylate(GMA)section,peeling and separation of the exocarp.Features recorded included whether tepal margins were entire,undulate,or serrate and whether veins were trinervious,netlike or pinnate,although only one venation pattern was observed among species of any one genus.In most cases fruit shape was trigonous,biconvex,or nearly-spherical.In most of taxa,the exocarp consisted of stone cells which were usually arranged in an inlaid or paliform pattern.There were 7types of stone cells:nearly elliptical with undulate wall,elongate cylindrical with undulate wall,nearly rectangular with protuberant wall,elongate cylindrical with protuberant wall,nearly rectangular with straight wall,nearly elliptical with protuberant wall,and elongate with undulate wall.The first five types were found in the subfamily Polygonideae and the sixth and seventh types in the subfamily Rumicoideae.Tannins occurred in the exocarp and mesocarp of the fruits.This study provides morphological information ontepals and fruit structure in the Polygonaceae,and from a taxonomic perspective supports the conclusion from molecular study that Polygonaceae is not a natural group.更多还原