【摘要】 采用田间小区试验法,以‘张杂谷5号’为研究对象,研究施钾对杂交谷子生育后期根际土壤酶活性(脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶)及土壤养分含量的影响,为谷子高产提供最优钾肥管理措施。结果表明:施钾可提高杂交谷子生育后期根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性;与不施钾(K0)对照相比,施钾分别降低杂交谷子抽穗期、灌浆期和成熟期脲酶活性13.65%~21.52%,8.77%~16.67%,7.74%~19.91%;降低抽穗期、灌浆期和成熟期蔗糖酶活性分别为12.29%~18.50%,12.28%~19.34%,11.11%~22.50%。与对照(K0)相比,施钾使土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量分别降低了7.00%~26.65%和2.43%~7.80%;速效钾含量则比K0处理增加了18.20%~66.21%。杂交谷子产量与根际土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶活性和碱解氮含量呈极显著负相关关系,与根际土壤速效钾含量呈极显著正相关关系。本试验条件下,钾肥用量为300 kg/hm~2且全部底施处理(K3)产量最高,是‘张杂谷5号’保持根际土壤酶活性和肥力水平,保障产量的最优施钾方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 The field experiment was conducted,taking hybrid millet ’Zhangzagu 5’ as the research object,to study the effects of potassium fertilization on soil enzyme activity（including urease,catalase and sucrase） and soil nutrients content in the later growth stages of hybrid millet for providing the best potassium application measures for the purpose of high yield.The results showed that in the later growth stages of hybrid millet,potassium application could increase soil catalase activity.Compared with control treatment（KO,no potassium fertilizer used）,potassium application decreased the soil urease activities of hybrid millet rhizosphere by 13.65%-21.52%,8.77%-16.67%,7.74%-19.91%respectively and decreased soil invertase activities by 12.29%-18.50%,12.28%-19.34%,11.11%-22.50%respectively in heading,filling and maturity stages of hybrid millet.Compared with control treatment（K0）,potassium fertilizer application decreased soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus contents by 7.00%-26.65%and 2.43%-7.80%respectively and the available potassium content was increased by 18.20%-66.21%with potassium use.The hybrid millet yield had a very significant and negative correlation with soil urease and surcease activities and soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content,and had a very significant and positive correlation with soil available potassium content in the hybrid millet rhizosphere.The treatment K3 with the K₂O rate of 300 kg/hm² and all as a base fertilizer had the highest grain yield and was the optimal plan of potassium fertilization of hybrid millet ’Zhangzagu 5’ for maintaining the soil enzyme activities and soil fertility in millet rhizosphere and ensuring high yield in this region.更多还原