【摘要】 一百年以前鲁迅先生提出改造国民性、进而达到由"立人"到"立国"的主张,至今依然还是一个沉重的话题。对鲁迅毕其一生奋力去改造的"国民性",我们习惯于认为那是旧时代的问题,似乎新时代已然没有这个问题了。最近六十年,国人的精神面貌确已发生巨变,自然与鲁迅的时代不可同日而语;但也毋庸讳言,价值观扭曲、道德水准下降、人性良知丧失、物欲私心膨胀等等,又已发展成为新的隐患,严重阻碍科学发展与国家现代化。故而,人性的改造与重塑,即"改造国民性",始终是事关国家民族兴亡的根本问题。"改造国民性"是一项庞大的系统工程,它涉及文学、哲学、史学、社会学、政治学、民俗学、心理学、人类学等众多不同但又相互关联的人文社会科学领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 Five scores ago,Lu Xun put forward reforming our nationality so that cultivating the people and founding the nation,which still remains a heavy topic.We are used to considering that Lu Xun’s lifelong efforts to reform our nationality is a task of old age and seems to have nothing to do with the new era.In the past 60 years,the mental outlook of our compatriots is quite different from the age of Lu Xun;however,distorted values,degenerate morality,loss of human conscience and materialistic expansion have also developed into a new hidden trouble,which is a serious impediment to the scientific development and national modernization.Therefore,transforming and reshaping human nature,namely,reforming the nationality is always a matter of national rise and fall.Human nature is the eternal theme in literature,and the idea of reforming our nationality put forward by Lu Xun just grasps the essence of literature.Reforming the nationality is a huge systemic project,involving such many different but related humanities and social sciences as literature,philosophy,history,sociology,political science,folklore,psychology,anthropology.更多还原