【摘要】 为探索红香酥梨果实长期贮藏保鲜的适宜采收期,通过两年试验,研究了三个采收期(按采收时间顺序分别为采收期1、2、3)红香酥梨果实在(0±0.5)℃条件下冷藏150、180、210、240 d后在20℃货架下放置24 h和7 d时的果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量(SSC)、VC含量、果皮色泽以及呼吸强度和乙烯释放量的变化。结果表明:无论是果实刚采收时,还是在整个贮藏和货架期,采收期1果实的SSC始终保持最低;随着贮藏时间的延长,采收期2果实的SSC保持较高,VC含量也较高;随着采收期的推迟,果实硬度呈现逐渐下降的趋势;果实采收越晚,果皮颜色越亮,果皮底色由绿转黄的程度越高。采收期2的红香酥梨果实在贮藏后期保持了较低的呼吸强度和乙烯释放量。综合分析结果表明:北京地区的红香酥梨果实长期贮藏(210~240 d)的适宜采收期为9月8-10日(果实生长发育期约:143~147 d),可保持果实营养品质,延缓衰老,延长果实贮藏和货架期;中长期贮藏(150~180 d)的适宜采收期为9月8-19日(果实生长发育期约:143~156 d);中短期贮藏(150 d以内)或即时销售的果实可适当延后采收,推迟到9月下旬。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the appropriate harvesting time of Hongxiangsu pears for long term storage, using Hongxiangsu pears collected from three harvesting time and had been stored for 150, 180, 210, 240 d at(0±0.5) ℃ as test materials to study the variation of firmness, soluble solids content, VC, peel color, respiratory intensity and ethylene release rate after storage for 24 h and 7 d at 20 ℃. The results showed that, pears of the first harvesting time always maintained the lowest SSC no matter them were which stage, and pears of the second harvesting time maintained high SSC and the content of VC with the extension of storage time. Meanwhile, fruit firmness showed a tendency of descending with delay of the harvest time. Besides, the later the pears were harvested the lighter the peel color was, and the degree of turning to yellow was higher as well. On the other hand, the results also showed that pears of the second harvesting time maintained lower respiratory intensity and ethylene release rate. By synthesis analysis, it was suggested that the appropriate harvesting time for long term storage(210~240 d) of Hongxiangsu pear from Beijing was September8 th to 10th(growth time of fruit was about 143 ~147d), and it was benefit to maintain nutrition quality, delay senescence, as well as prolong the storage and shelf-life time. Meanwhile, the appropriate harvesting time for medium and long term storage(150~180 d) was September 8th to 19th(growth time of fruit was about 143~156 d). Besides, the harvest time of pears for medium and short term storage or instant sale could be delayed to the last ten-day of September.更多还原