【摘要】 用叠氮硝胺(DIANP)替换硝基胍(NQ)发射药中部分(质量分数6%)硝化甘油(NG)制备了一种含叠氮硝胺的硝基胍发射药。通过高压差示扫描量热法、爆发点试验、甲基紫试验、真空安定性试验和热加速老化试验研究了DIANP对NQ发射药热行为的影响,用Kissinger方程和Ozawa方程计算了发射药样品分解反应的表观活化能(Ea)。结果表明,少量DIANP使NQ发射药的热安定性稍有改善;Kissinger方程和Ozawa方程计算NQ发射药的Ea值分别为327和318kJ/mol,含DIANP的NQ发射药的Ea值分别为196和194kJ/mol,两者的等动力学点(Tik)为172.9℃,表明DIANP能够降低NQ发射药高温下的分解反应速率,即DIANP在一定程度上可以调节NQ发射药的燃速。根据温度系数法预估的含DIANP的NQ发射药和NQ发射药在30℃下的安全贮存寿命分别不少于31年和23年,表明加入少量DIANP可延长NQ发射药的安全贮存寿命。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new gun propellant was prepared via replacing the nitroglycerin(NG)with mass fraction of 6%in the nitroguanidine(NQ)-based gun propellant by 1,5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane(DIANP).The effect of DIANP on the thermal behavior of NQ-based gun propellant was studied by high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry,explosion temperature test,methyl violet test,vacuum stability test,and thermal accelerated aging test.The apparent activation energy(Ea)of the decomposition reaction of gun propellant sample was calculated by Kissinger equation and Ozawa equation.The results show that a small amount of DIANP makes the thermal stability of NQ-based gun propellant improve slightly.The Eavalues obtained by Kissinger equation and Ozawa equation are 327 and 318kJ/mol respectively for NQ-based gun propellant with DIANP,196 and 194kJ/mol respectively for NQ-based gun propellant.The Eavalue of NQ-based gun propellant with DIANP is much less than that of NQ-based gun propellant.Their isokinetic temperature Tikis 172.9℃,showing that the addition of DIANP decreases the decomposition rate of NQ-based gun propellant at high temperature,the addition of DIANP can adjust the burning rate of NQ-based gun propellant to a certain degree.The safe storage life of NQ-based gun propellant with DIANP and NQ-based gun propellant at30℃ predicted by temperature-factor-method is not less than 31 years and 23 years respectively,revealing that adding a small amount of DIANP can prolong the safe storage life of NQ-based gun propellant.更多还原