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兰州马衔山多年冻土活动层厚度估算及影响因素分析

Simulating the active layer depth and analyzing its influence factors in permafrost of the Mahan Mountain,Lanzhou

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【作者】 刘文惠谢昌卫赵林吴通华李韧王武乔永平

【Author】 LIU Wenhui;XIE Changwei;ZHAO Lin;WU Tonghua;LI Ren;WANG Wu;QIAO Yongping;State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences , Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute ,Chinese Academy of Sciences;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;

【机构】 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室青藏高原冰冻圈观测研究站中国科学院大学

【摘要】 马衔山残存的多年冻土被誉为黄土高原地区多年冻土的"活化石".自1986年发现多年冻土存在至今,多年冻土发生了严重的退化,活动层厚度增大,面积由原来的0.16 km2减少到现在的0.134 km2.本文基于马衔山多年冻土区的实际监测资料分析了气温、地表温度和N系数随时间变化特征以及活动层温度、土壤含水量的时空特征.根据2010-2013年马衔山多年冻土区的日平均地表温度和土壤参数实测及实验室分析资料,利用X-G算法模拟了马衔山多年冻土的冻融过程,并模拟得到4年的活动层厚度均比实测值小,这可能与活动层底部较高的未冻水含量有关.然后进一步探讨了泥炭层和含水量对活动层厚度的影响,泥炭层越厚,其隔热作用越强,活动层厚度越小;反之,活动层厚度越大;含水量越高,土壤的容积热容量越大,活动层厚度越小;反之,活动层厚度越大.

【Abstract】 The remnants of permafrost in the Mahan Mountain is known as a"living fossil"in the Loess Plateau.Since it was found in 1986,permafrost has degraded heavily,including the activity layer depth increase,permafrost area shrinkage from the original size of 0. 16 km2 to approximately 0. 134 km2 now. In this paper,the annual variation of air temperature,surface temperature,coefficient N and spatial-temporal characteristics of the active layer ground temperature,soil water content are analyzed. X-G algorithm is applied to simulate the freezing and thawing processes based on the daily mean ground surface temperature and soil thermal parameter,measured and lab analyzed,from 2010 to 2013. Simulated active layer depth was smaller than that measured in the four years,which may have something to do with the higher unfrozen water at the bottom of the active layer.Afterwards,the influence of water content and peat layer on the active layer depth was further discussed. The thicker the peat layer,the stronger the heat insulating effect and the thinner the activity layer,and vice versa.Soil water content influences soil heat capacity,so the higher the soil water content,the thinner the activity layer,and vice versa.

【基金】 国家重大科学研究计划项目(2013CBA01803);中国科学院“百人计划”(51Y551831)资助
  • 【文献出处】 冰川冻土 ,Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology , 编辑部邮箱 ,2015年06期
  • 【分类号】P642.14
  • 【被引频次】7
  • 【下载频次】425
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