【摘要】 微藻生物质能源被认为是可以有效解决能源危机的第三代生物质能源。以微藻为原料,通过热化学转化的方法制取生物质油是微藻能源利用的研究热点。综述了微藻热化学转化中催化剂的研究进展,包括碱金属盐催化剂、分子筛催化剂、过渡金属催化剂等,并提出了该研究的发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 As is known,microalgae biomass has been regarded as the third generation of biomass energy which is expected to be an effective solution to the future energy crisis. Bio-oil fuel production from the microalgae via thermo-chemical conversion has become the focus of microalgae biomass energy research,in which the researchers around the world have already turned their attention to the catalyst studies on the bio-oil production from the microalgae through thermo-chemical conversion or transformation. It is for this reason that we have made a review of the latest advances in the study of catalysts with the bio-oil fuel production from the microalgae. Literally speaking,we have made a discussion and analysis of the catalytic effects,the advantages and disadvantages of the currently adopted heterogeneous catalysts(alkali metal salt catalyst, zeolite catalyst, transition metal catalyst,etc). As a conclusion,it can be said that there is no efficient-enough catalyst for bio-oil fuel production from the microalgae by thermo-chemical conversion for the time-being. However, it should be pointed out that the inadequacies of the current researches in this way should result from the higher catalyst production cost,the very limited catalytic effect and the random study situation on the catalytic mechanism. However,from the global point of view,it has become a hardnut research topic of the current research on the catalytic mechanism due to the following reasons:Firstly,microalgae are composed of complicated materials,including proteins,lipids,sugars,etc. Secondly,at high temperatures and high pressures,their different ingredients tend to produce reactions in different ways. Thirdly,some interactive products may produce interactive reactions. And,finally,as the thermo-chemical conversion conditions or modes are changing,the internal mechanism of the microalgae changes,too. What is more,we have also suggested that the future research trends be more comprehensive with the focus on the systematic study of the catalytic mechanism and development of new-types of "visual"reactors. Thus it can be concluded that as the first review on the catalyst studies on bio-oil fuel production from the microalgae by thermo-chemical conversion,the paper can be hopefully taken as a reference to the future research.更多还原