【摘要】 易学"推类"逻辑的基本前提是归类。归类包括数字归类、阴阳归类、八卦归类等。数字归类思想的萌芽体现于数占文化。阴阳归类的思想源远流长。远古时代的先民将逝者葬于地下,生死异处,即体现了先民的阴阳各归其类的观念。曾侯乙墓墓主男性居东室,陪葬女性居西室,东为阳,西为阴,同样反映了易学阴阳各归其类的思想。《清华简》第四辑《筮法》中的八卦人身图是反映八卦归类思想的文物考古资料,与《周易·说卦》中所记载的八卦万物类象基本相合。其图与凌家滩玉版上的图案和西汉汝阴侯墓出土的太乙式盘都十分相似,可视为后世易学逻辑推理系统的重要组成部分之一式盘的早期形式。更多还原

【Abstract】 The basic premise for the analogical thinking in the Changes lies in classification,which is based on numbers,yin or yangattributes,and the eight trigrams.The germination of classificatory thought by numbers was embodied in numberbased divinatory culture.Classification by yin and yangattributes has a long history.Chinese forebears in remote ancient times buried their dead underground,so that the living and dead had different residences representing their concept of classification by different yinor yangattributes.This practice is also manifested in the tomb of Marquis Yi of the State of Zeng excavated in Hubei Province in 1978 where the marquis,with other eight males accompanying him,was buried in the east pit symbolizing yang,while thirteen females accompanying him were buried in the west one representing yin— also a classification by yinand yangattributes.The human body figure with the eight trigrams in the"Shifa"(Divinatory Method)in the report in the fourth issue of the Qinghua jian(Bamboo Slips Collected by Tsinghua University)reflects a classification by the eight trigrams basically in alignment with the classification in the Shuogua(Discussion of the Trigrams)in the Book ofChanges.Additionally,the configuration was also very similar to the graphic patterns on the piece of jade unearthed at Lingjiatan and the divining board from the tomb of Marquis Ruyin of the Western Han,which can be regarded as earlier form of the divining boards which constituted an important component of the analogical system of the scholarship on the Changes.更多还原