【摘要】 目的深入了解汽车制造企业的噪声危害程度及其对工人健康产生的影响,探讨对噪声强度产生影响的因素。方法采用多次横断面调查,分析某汽车制造企业2008—2012年的噪声强度监测数据及接触噪声工人的职业健康检查结果。结果不同工种所接触到的噪声强度的差异有统计学意义(F=10.098,P<0.01),冲压工的电测听异常率最高(9.8%),单纯接触噪声和接触毒物联合噪声的工人电测听异常率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论车间中噪声的强度除了与设备、工艺有关外,还与生产岗位的布局有关;职业病危害因素对人体的危害具有累积性和延迟性。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To understand the degree of noise hazard in the automobile manufacturing enterprise,analyze the influence of noise on workers’ health,and discuss the factors which influence the intensity of the noise. [Methods]By using the repeated cross-sectional survey,the results of the noise intensity monitoring and the data of occupational health examination of noise-exposed workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise from 2008-2012 were analyzed. [Results]There was significant difference in noise intensity among different types of work( F = 10. 098,P < 0. 01). The abnormal rate of audiometry in punching workers was the highest( 9. 8%). The difference in the abnormal rate of audiometry between workers exposed to noise and workers exposed to poison combined with noise was not significant( P > 0. 05).[Conclusion]The noise intensity in the workshop is related not only to equipments and processes,but also to the layout of production posts. The harm of occupational hazard factors to the human body has cumulative and delayed characteristics.更多还原