【摘要】 目的了解汽车模具制造企业存在的职业病危害因素、危害程度及采取的职业卫生工程措施,评价职业卫生工程的合理性和有效性。方法对汽车模具制造企业生产过程中使用的液态工业助剂进行定性分析,对作业场所空气中的有害物质进行定量分析,对通风系统进行现场调查与检测。结果生产准备厂房磨床操作工、焊装制造部机加砂轮机工接触砂轮磨尘的时间加权平均浓度均为12.8 mg/m3,不符合国家卫生标准;等离子火焰切割机操作工、二氧化碳气体保护焊焊工、冲焊制造部右前纵梁二氧化碳保护焊焊工接触电焊烟尘的时间加权平均浓度依次为5.37 mg/m3、4.25 mg/m3、4.25 mg/m3,不符合国家卫生标准;操作工接触噪声强度85.2~91.2 dB(A),不符合国家卫生标准。部分通风设施存在设计不合理的问题。结论汽车模具制造企业以机械加工为主,以粉尘、噪声危害为主,半密闭式的防护措施不能达到理想的控制效果,建议采用独立的机械排风设施进行粉尘的控制。存在的有毒物质主要来源于漆和调漆的稀料,应独立设置喷漆室和烘漆室,设置上送下排层流式送排风系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To comprehend reasons for occupational hazards,degree of harm and health engineering in an auto mould manufacturer,evaluate the rationality and effectiveness of health engineering.Methods The industrial additives in this manufacturer were tested by qualitative analysis,the occupational hazards of workplace were tested by quantitative analysis and the ventilation system was investigated and tested.Results CTWAfor grinding wheel dust was 12.8 mg/m3for the grinding machine workers and the manufacture department machine workers,which didn’t comply with the national hygiene standards.The CTWAfor welding fumes were 5.37mg/m3,4.25 mg/m3,4.25 mg/m3for the ZDCM workers,carbon dioxide arc welding workers,CGSW workers,which didn’t comply with the national hygiene standards.The noise intensity was 85.2-91.2 dB(A),not in accordance with the national hygiene standards.Parts of the ventilation facilities were designed unreasonable.Conclusion Mainly to automobile mould manufacturing enterprises are machining,the major risk factors are dust and noise.The half-airtight safeguard procedures cannot control it well,it’s suggested to control the dust by independent mechanical ventilation facilities.The occupational hazards are derived from paint and paint thinner,spray and baking paint room should be set up independent,and set the air supply and exhaust system which is the higher intake and the lower exhaust.更多还原