【摘要】 目的探索地衣芽胞杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌和蜡样芽胞杆菌分解大学生食堂厨余中淀粉的能力,以筛选和研制餐厨垃圾生物降解的使用菌种。方法将各菌种接于淀粉酶试验培养基,培养后滴加碘溶液,观察透明圈,判定产淀粉酶能力;收集大学生食堂的厨余,观察三种细菌在不同接种量(5%、10%、15%、20%、25%)、不同接种时间(24 h、48 h、72 h)及不同菌株配伍方式下发酵淀粉的能力。结果地衣芽胞杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌都能产生淀粉酶,以地衣芽胞杆菌产生的淀粉酶较多,其次为枯草芽胞杆菌,蜡样芽胞杆菌较少,三种细菌分解厨余中淀粉的最佳接种量都为15%~20%,最佳发酵时间为48 h,枯草芽胞杆菌和地衣芽胞杆菌各7.5%的接种量混合配伍发酵效果最佳。结论可采用枯草芽胞杆菌和地衣芽胞杆菌各7.5%的接种量混合配伍发酵学生食堂的厨余中的淀粉。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the ability of Bacillus licheniformis,Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus to decomposite starch from college cafeteria food waste. Methods The amylase production capacity was determined.The strains of bacteria were inoculated to amylase test media. After culturing,drops of iodine solution were added and transparent circles were observed. College cafeteria food wastes were collected and fermented with the three strains; the optimal inoculum,inoculation time and combination of the strains were observed. Results All the three Bacillus strains produced amylase,most of which produced by Bacillus licheniformis,followed by Bacillus subtilis,and then Bacillus cereus. The optimal inoculation amount was 15% to 20% for all the three bacteria,and the optimal fermentation time was 48 hours. The optimal combination was 7. 5% each of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. Conclusion The optimal way to decomposite starch in student cafeteria food wastes is by fermentation with mixed inoculum of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis 7. 5% each.更多还原