【摘要】 目的了解哈尔滨市学龄儿童的睡眠状况,分析这一年龄段儿童主要存在的睡眠问题。方法采用分级整群抽样方法,于2013年10—11月对哈尔滨市4个城区的6所小学、2 903名学龄儿童进行家庭社会环境与睡眠健康的问卷调查。结果哈尔滨市学龄儿童睡眠时间不足发生率平时为72.1%,周末为41.9%。睡眠问题在学龄儿童中普遍存在,除夜醒问题外,其他类型睡眠问题均有显著的年龄别差异。影响儿童发生睡眠障碍的因素有是否参加补习班、特长班;是否服用影响神经系统的食物、药物;是否经常从事兴奋性活动;抚养人、母亲孕期及产后是否有情绪低落;是否患有食物或药物过敏等。结论哈尔滨市学龄儿童睡眠时间普遍少,各类睡眠问题的发生率高,儿童睡眠健康问题应得到社会各方面的关心和重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To identify the sleep patterns and sleep problems in the children of school age in Harbin. METHODS From Oc-tober to November of 2013,2 903 children of school-age from 6 elementary schools of 4 districts in Harbin entered the study by across-sectional survey. The sleep behaviors of the participants and their determinants were investigated. RESULTS In about 72.1%and 41.9% school-aged children the sleep duration per day did not reach the lowest criterion of 10 hours recommended by the minis-try of education of China during weekdays and weekends, respecetively. Sleep problems were common,except for night waking,other types of sleep problems were significantly associated with age. The factors that had impact on the sleep disorders included:af-ter school classes,neuro-medication and foods,exciting activities,depressive moods of mothers or caregivers, and allergic reac-tions to medicines and foods. CONCLUSION Sleep deprivations and high prevalence of sleep disorders among the school age childrenin Harbin need to be addressed.更多还原