【摘要】 目的了解珠海市广昌社区原发性高血压的主要危险因素,为制定干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样法,对193例原发性高血压患者一般情况、家族史、行为生活习惯、心理因素和体重指数等进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果≥60岁的高血压患者男女性构成比均高于<60岁的男女性患者(P<0.05);遗传和环境危险因素暴露率前5位为被动吸烟(67.4%)、家族史(66.8%)、轻体力活动(63.2%)、缺乏锻炼(61.7%)和缺乏充足睡眠(57.5%);≥60岁男女性高血压患者轻体力活动、缺乏充足睡眠和精神压力暴露率均比<60岁的男女性患者高(P<0.05);男性患者吸烟、被动吸烟及饮酒暴露率均比女性患者高(P<0.001)。结论年龄、家族史、被动吸烟、缺乏体力活动和锻炼及缺乏充足睡眠可能是广昌社区原发性高血压的主要危险因素。针对性地进行健康教育、倡导健康的生活方式和普及高血压知识是控制和预防原发性高血压的重要措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To investigate risk factors of essential hypertension in Guangchang community of Zhuhai so as to provide theory basis for nursing intervention. METHODS A total of 193 patients with essential hypertension were investigated through cluster sampling. All patients were interviewed for collection of data on personal information, family history of hypertension, life style and behavior factors, as well as psychological factors. Measure height, weight, to calculate body mass index(BMI). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS The constituent ratio of old patients were much higher than the patients under 60 years(P< 0.05). The top 5 rate of genetic factor and situational factor beyond to years old were passive smoking, family history, mild physical labor, paucity physical exercise and hyposomnia were 67.4%, 66.8%, 63.2%, 61.7% and 57.5%, respectively. The rate of mild physical labor, hyposomnia and mental stress in and over 60 years old patients were higher than that in under 60 years(P<0.05). The rate of smoking, passive smoking, and crapulence in males were higher than that in females( P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Age, family history of hypertension, passive smoking, mild physical labor and paucity physical exercise and hyposomnia may be risk factors for essential hypertension in Guangchang Community. Targeted health education and promoting healthy life style may help to prevent and control hypertension in the rural areas.更多还原