【摘要】 目的:探讨海南垦区5岁以下儿童手足口病的影响因素,为有效控制手足口病疫情提供科学依据。方法:垦区按照区域的分布,划分为东、南、西、北、中5个方位,按分层随机抽样的方法,每个方位抽取2~3家农场,根据其2011~2012年上报的5岁以下儿童手足口病临床病例,随机抽取约70%作为病例组,同期选择相应地区5岁以下非手足口病儿童作为对照的抽样框,随机抽取约20%作为对照组,采用回顾性调查的方法进行问卷调查。结果:①共调查2 596名儿童,其中病例组809例,对照组1 787例;男性1 398例,女性1 198例,病例组与对照组性别间差别有统计学意义(χ2=11.181,P<0.001),病例组幼托儿童及散居儿童间差异有统计学意义(χ2=34.417,P<0.001)。②单因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示对临床病例有意义的影响因素有早产儿、留守儿童、每一次吃东西前洗手习惯、饭前洗手习惯等13个因素。③多因素非条件Logistic回归分析性别、地区、儿童职业(幼托儿童和散居儿童)、留守儿童、大小便自理、每一次吃东西前洗手习惯、饭前洗手习惯、家庭人均居住面积等12个因素进入回归方程。结论:手足口病的影响因素是多方面的,又具有地方特异性,要进行针对性、综合性、可行性预防。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To explore the influence factors of hand- foot- mouth disease( HFMD) among children under five years old in Hainan reclamation area,provide a scientific basis for controlling HFMD effectively. Methods: According to the regional distribution of reclamation area,Hainan reclamation area was divided into five directions: east,south,west,north,and middle; 2- 3 farms were extracted from each direction according to stratified random sampling method; according to the reported clinical cases with HFMD under five years old from 2011 to 2012,about 70% of them were extracted randomly as case group; the children without HFMD under five years old in the same direction during the same period were selected,and about 20% of them were extracted randomly as control group,a retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted. Results: A total of 2 596 children were surveyed,including 809 cases in case group and 1 787 cases in control group; 1 398 boys and 1 198 girls were included,there was statistically significant difference in gender between the two groups( χ2= 11. 181,P < 0. 001); in case group,there was statistically significant difference in gender between reschool children and scattered children( χ2= 34. 417,P < 0. 001); univariate non- conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors included 13 factors, such as premature birth,left- behind children,hand washing before eating every time,washing hands before meals. Multivariate non- conditional logistic regression analysis showed that 12 factors entered the regression equation,such as gender,region,occupation,the left- behind children,the size of care,hand washing before eating every time,washing hands before meals,family per capita living space. Conclusion: Many factors can affect HFMD,which have local specificity,targeted,comprehensive,and feasible preventive measures should be conducted.更多还原