【摘要】 为了研究火炮发射冲击载荷对制退机性能的影响,采用超声检测和压力测试相结合的方法分别对人工后坐和实弹射击条件下的制退机性能进行了对比研究。结果表明,火炮后坐结束时非工作腔内不存在传统意义上的真空段,复进时非工作腔提供的液压阻力远小于传统理论计算值,复进节制腔提供的复进液压阻力大于传统理论计算值。当制退机"主流"复进液压阻力系数取拟合值0.036,"支流"复进液压阻力系数取"主流"后坐液压阻力系数的约4.5倍时,复进速度计算结果与火炮实弹射击时的实测复进速度较为吻合;传统方法复进速度计算结果与人工后坐时的实测速度较为一致,传统的非工作腔真空段假设并不适用于有冲击载荷作用的火炮发射过程,据此改进的复进制动图可以更好地指导制退机设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 By using cavitation ultrasonic test and pressure test technique,the effect of gun firing impact load on performance of recoil brake was studied.The results showed that the non-working chamber has no vacuum but is full of recoil oil foam at the end of recoiling,the recoil oil foam offers much smaller hydraulic resistance than the traditional calculated value during counter-recoiling,and the counterrecoil hydraulic resistance offered by the control chamber is greater than the traditional calculated value; when the master counter-recoil hydraulic resistance coefficient was taken as the fitted value 0.036 and the branch counterrecoil hydraulic resistance coefficient was taken as the value about 4.5 times of the master recoil hydraulic resistance coefficient,the gun counterrecoil velocity calculated is closer to the measured counter-recoil velocity in the actual gun firing tests; the counter-recoil velocity calculated with the traditional method agrees well with the measured counter-recoil velocity in artificial recoil tests; the traditional vacuum hypothesis for the nonworking chamber is not applicable in gun firing with impact load effect; the recoil braking chart modified with above facts is more instructive for recoil brake design.更多还原