【摘要】 目的探讨导致青少年违法犯罪和情绪障碍的心理社会因素特征。方法选取未成年犯管教所的犯罪青少年177例作为犯罪青少年组;安徽省精神卫生中心就诊的青少年情绪障碍患者80例作为情绪障碍组;3所中学的正常青少年161例作为正常对照组。采用亲密关系经历量表(ECR)、应付方式问卷(CSQ)、防御机制问卷(DSQ)、社会支持量表(SSRS)、家庭环境量表(FES-CV)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、父母教养方式量表(EMBU)、艾森克人格特征问卷(EPQ),使用χ2检验、Logistic多元回归分析进行评定。结果 1犯罪青少年组、情绪障碍组及正常对照组在年龄、受教育年限上差异无统计学意义,但在独生子女、父母婚姻状况、父母关系、父母受教育年限、父母职业和家庭经济条件构成上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2犯罪青少年组的前5位危险因素是CSQ的退避因子,DSQ的分裂、被动攻击和抱怨因子及FES-CV的娱乐性因子;前5位保护因素为DSQ的制止因子、FES-CV的文化性因子、DSQ的隔离、交往倾向因子及SSRS的客观支持因子。3情绪障碍组的前5位危险因素是CSQ的合理化因子、DSQ的躯体化、退缩因子、FES-CV的独立性因子及DSQ的抱怨因子;前5位保护因素是FES-CV的文化性因子、DSQ的制止、幽默、同一化、压抑因子以及FES-CV的道德宗教性因子。结论预防青少年违法犯罪行为及情绪障碍的发生,关注其心理社会因素的影响尤为重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the main risk factors of juvenile delinquents and adolescents with emotional disorders.Methods 177 juvenile delinquents,80 adolescents with emotion disorders and 161 normal adolescents were assessed with Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory(ECR),Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ),Defensive Style Questionnaire(DSQ),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FESCV),Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Scale Checklist(ASLEC),Parental Rearing Pattern Questionnaire(EMBU) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ).Logistic multiple regression was used to identify the risk factors.Results 1 There was no difference among three groups in terms of age and years of education.However,they had significant differences in the aspect of one-child,parents’ marital status,parents’ relationship,years of parental education,parental vocation and family economic status among three groups(P < 0.05).2 Retreat,splitting,passive aggression,complaining and entertaining were the top five risk factors for juvenile delinquents.Restrain,culture,isolation,communication tendency and objective support were the protective factors.3 Rationalization,somatization,flinch,independence and complaining were the top five risk factors in adolescents with emotional disorders,and the entertaining,restrain,humor,identity,depress and moral religion were protective factors.Conclusion Focusing on the psychosocial factors is particularly important to prevent delinquency and emotional disorders among adolescents.更多还原