【摘要】 引入多智能体建模方法,构建了政府、用户、燃气公司、实时监控和人机交互等5类智能体,通过智能体的协助与交互模拟由于价格变化所引起的城市天然气管网需求与运营的动态变化过程。并且以某地区为例,将1天24小时划分为峰、平、谷3个时段,按照"量大价高"的原则实施分时定价政策,模拟该地区天然气管网的运行状态。结果表明:①实施天然气峰谷分时,定价能够在保证用户和燃气公司同时获益的情况下,有效降低峰谷负荷差;②在峰、平、谷价格比例逐渐增加的过程中,用户收益是单调递增的,而燃气公司的收益是先减少后增加的,当价格比例增加到一定程度后,燃气公司才开始获益。更多还原

【Abstract】 We construct a multi-agent model with five categories of agents,i.e.,government,customer, gas enterprise,real time monitor and human-computer inter-actor.Using this multi-agent system model, we simulate the dynamic change process of demand and operations caused by the price changes of natural gas in the urban natural gas network through the cooperation and interaction among the agents.To study the time-of-use pricing policy in the experiment,we divides 24hours of a day into three different times,i. e.,the flat,the valley and the peak times,assuming the rule of"large amount,high price".Then we use a case of an enterprise to simulate the operations of urban natural gas network.The computational results show that(1)there exist optimal price ratios for the peak,the flat and the valley times,respectively,from which both the gas company and customer can benefit simultaneously,and the difference of the peak and the valley load can be reduced effectively.(2)the customer benefits increase with the increase of the price ratio according to the degree of peak,flat and valley.However,the benefits of gas enterprise decrease firstly and then increase when the price ratio reaches a certain level.更多还原