【摘要】 为了给江苏淮南地区的优质强筋小麦高产栽培提供科学依据,以强筋小麦品种‘镇麦168’为试验材料,设置75、112.5、187.5 kg/hm23个追氮水平和苗期、拔节期、孕穗期3个追氮时期,于2010-2012年研究了追氮量和追氮时期对‘镇麦168’籽粒产量和品质的影响。2年试验结果表明,‘镇麦168’的籽粒产量随追氮量的增加而显著提高,以追氮187.5 kg/hm2时,籽粒产量最高;从苗期到孕穗期,随追氮时期的后移,籽粒产量呈先增加后降低的趋势,其中以拔节期追氮处理的籽粒产量最高。‘镇麦168’的公顷穗数和穗粒数随施氮量的增加而增加,但千粒重随追氮量的增加呈下降趋势;公顷穗数随追氮时期的后移而减少,穗粒数则随追氮时期的后移而增加,千粒重以拔节期追氮处理的为最高。籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量以及面团吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间均随追氮量的增加而增加,弱化度则随追氮量的增加而降低;与苗期追氮相比,拔节期和孕穗期追氮具有提高‘镇麦168’营养品质和改善籽粒加工品质的作用。本试验条件下,‘镇麦168’以拔节期追氮,追氮量为187.5 kg/hm2可实现高产和优质相结合。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen topdressing amount( 75,112. 5 and 187. 5 kg /hm2) and nitrogen timing( seedling,jointing and booting stage) on grain yield,yield components and grain quality of Zhenmai 168 in the 2010- 2012. The results of two years indicated that the grain yield of Zhenmai 168 increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen topdressing level,with the highest grain yield at 187. 5 kg N /hm2. The grain yield was first increased and then decreased,with the delaying of nitrogen topdressing,from seedling stage to booting stage. The highest grain yield was obtained when nitrogen was applied at the jointing stage. Number of spikes per hectare and grains per spike increased with the increase of nitrogen topdressing level,but 1000-grain weight decreased with the increase of nitrogen topdressing level. Number of spikes per hectare decreased with the nitrogen topdressing delaying,however,grains per spike increased with the nitrogen topdressing delaying,with the highest 1000-grain weight of nitrogen topdressing timing at jointing stage. Increasing the level of nitrogen topdressing significantly increased grain protein content,wet gluten content,dough water absorption,development time and stability time,and degree of softening decreased with the increase of nitrogen topdressing level. The nitrogen topdressing at jointing and booting stage had significant effect on improving nutritional and processing quality of Zhenmai 168. In this study,the high yield and better quality could be obtained with nitrogen topdressing level of 187. 5 kg /hm2at the jointing stage.更多还原