【摘要】 基因敲除作为一种重要的生物技术,被广泛应用于当今生物学、医学研究中,并逐渐扩展到农业、畜牧业和兽医学等研究领域。与传统的同源重组介导的基因敲除相比,近几年发展起来的几种新技术包括RNA干扰(RNAi)、锌指核酶技术(ZFNs)、转录激活子类似的效应子核酶技术(TALENs)和成簇的规律间隔性短回文重复序列(CRISPR/(Cas)等,能够在复杂的基因组和RNA水平引入精细的改变或基因沉默。这些技术在大型家畜的疾病防治、性状改良等研究中发挥着积极的促进作用。随着这些技术的不断发展,以及新技术的开发和应用,会有更多的基因敲除手段应用到生产实践中,迅速地推动畜牧业的发展。本文主要针对RNA干扰(RNAi),锌指核酶技术(ZFNs),转录激活子类似的效应子核酶技术(TALENs)3种新兴技术在猪、牛、羊等大型家畜中的应用进行简要论述。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a powerful tool,gene knockout technology has been widely used in biological and medical researches,and gradually utilized to other fields such as agriculture,livestock husbandry and veterinary science.Comparing to traditional homologous recombination,several novel techniques including RNA interference(RNAi),zinc finger nuclease(ZFNs),transcription activatorlike effector nucleases(TALENs) and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR/Cas),which have been developed in recent years,can introduce delicate alteration and silencing in complex genomic DNA and RNA.These techniques are facilitating the disease prevention and trait improvement of big domestic animals.The improvement of these techniques and emergence of new techniques,and their application in domestic animals will push the development of livestock husbandry.This article is a brief overview focusing on the application of new gene knockout techniques include RNAi,ZFNs and TALENs in big domestic animals such as swine,bovine and caprine.更多还原