【摘要】 目的研究犯罪青少年、青少年情绪障碍患者与正常青少年之间防御机制的差异,为进行有针对性的心理干预提供参考。方法随机抽取安徽省未成年犯管教所的犯罪男性青少年177人、安徽省精神卫生中心的男性青少年情绪障碍患者80例和合肥、安庆市3所中学的正常男生161人,使用防御方式量表测量,对结果进行对照研究。结果犯罪青少年组、情绪障碍组和正常组在不成熟型防御、成熟型防御和掩饰因子得分上差异有统计学意义(F值分别为21.323,7.436,8.330,P值均<0.01)。犯罪青少年组与情绪障碍组相比,幻想、退缩、躯体化、升华、压抑因子得分较低,差异有统计学意义(均值差分别为-0.954,-0.695,-0.723,-0.420,-0.530,P值均<0.05);解除、制止、理想化、假性利他、隔离、交往倾向因子得分明显较低(均值差分别为-0.870,-0.594,-0.480,-0.675,-0.488,0.577,P值均<0.05),而统一化和消耗倾向因子分高于情绪障碍组(均值差分别为0.727,0.801,P值均<0.05)。结论犯罪青少年和青少年情绪障碍患者在心理防御机制运用方面总体相似,但在部分防御机制的运用方面存在差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the difference of defense mechanism among juvenile delinquents,adolescents with emotional disorders and normal adolescents.Methods A total of 177 juvenile delinquents in the juvenile reformatory,eighty adolescents with emotional disorders in Anhui mental health center and 161 normal control adolescents were assessed with Defensive Style Questionnaire.Results The score of immature defense styles,mature defense styles and lie factor were significantly different among the three adolescent groups(F = 21.323,7.436,8.330,respectively,P < 0.01),but there were no significant differences of neurotic defenses(F = 2.270,P > 0.05).There were significant differences of projection,passive aggression,acting out,complain,fantasy,retreat and somatization in immature defenses among three groups(F = 11.567,11.527,5.653,6.736,7.967,10.735,10.349,P < 0.01).As compared with emotional disorder groups,the scores of fantasy,retreat and somatization were lower in the juvenile delinquent groups(t =-0.954,-0.695,-0.723,P < 0.05).There were significant differences of repression in mature defenses among three groups(F = 7.398,P < 0.01).Compared with the emotional disorder groups,juvenile delinquents had lower scores of sublimation and suppression(t =-0.420,-0.530,P < 0.05).There were significant differences of reaction formation,relieve,restrain,idealization,pseudo altruism,omnipotence with disability,isolation,identity,communication tendency and consumption tendency in neurotic defenses among three groups(F = 3.503,13.195,7.191,4.569,3.943,3.902,4.465,7.120,6.297,25.886,P < 0.05).The juvenile delinquents had less relieve,restrain,idealization,pseudo altruism,isolation and communication tendency(t =-0.870,-0.594,-0.480,-0.675,-0.488,0.577,P < 0.05),but more identity and consumption tendency than emotional disorder groups(t = 0.727,0.801,P < 0.05).Conclusion In general,juvenile delinquents and adolescents with emotional disorders use similar defensive mechanism,but there are differences in the use of certain parts of the defensive mechanism.更多还原