【摘要】 目的分析江西省2008-2012年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情及宿主动物监测资料,研究HFRS的流行特征和变化趋势。方法采用描述流行病学方法对全省疫情及监测点啮齿类动物监测资料进行分析和比较。结果2008-2012年江西省共报告肾综合征出血热病例2238例,死亡51例,年均发病率为1.01/10万,病死率为2.28%,疫情呈逐年上升趋势。疫情主要集中在宜春地区。存在秋冬峰与春峰两个发病高峰,且构成之比逐年增大。发病主要以成人为主,男性发病率高于女性(χ2=305.21,P<0.01),男女病死率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.40,P>0.05),职业主要以农民为主。监测点高安市鼠密度为2.22%,室内和野外鼠密度差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.25,P>0.05),室内以褐家鼠、野外以黄毛鼠各为优势鼠种。带病毒鼠指数为0.021 7,2011-2012年带病毒鼠指数出现明显升高。结论江西省近年来HFRS发病率明显升高,建议加强疫情监测,大力开展灭鼠工作,提高人群免疫力,控制HFRS疫情的回升。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the incidence rate and animal hosts from surveillance data collected in Jiangxi province from 2008to 2012, and explore the epidemiological characteristics and trend of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS). Methods With descriptive study, the surveillance data of HFRS morbidity from 2008 to 2012 in Jiangxi and the data from the HFRS monitoring point of Gaoan county were analyzed. Results 2 238 cases of HFRS were reported with 51 deaths. The average annual incidence rate was 1.01 per 100 000, and fatality rate was 2.28%, from 2008 to 2012 in Jiangxi. Both cases and incidence rate were on the rise, the ratio between the incidence rate of autumn-winter peak and spring peak had also rose. Most of the cases were adults. The incidence rate of male was higher than female(χ2=305.21, P<0.01);There were no differences of fatality rate between male and female(χ2=1.40, P>0.05);Among the cases, farmers were accounted for the majority.The density of rat in Gaoan HFRS monitoring point was 2.22%, there was no difference between indoors and outdoors(χ2=0.25, P>0.05); The main host indoors was sewer rat,while that outdoors was rattus losea. The average index of rats with virus was 0.021 7, with increase in 2011-2012. Conclusion The incidence rate of HFRS in Jiangxi increases significantly from 2008 to 2012. It is essential to strengthen the epidemic surveillance,carry out deratization work, and improve public immunity to control the raise of human incidence rate of HFRS.更多还原