【摘要】 目的分析评估贵阳地区6~24月龄婴幼儿生长发育与辅食喂养现状,探讨辅食添加与生长发育的关系,为科学评价婴幼儿喂养和实施营养干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,分别抽取贵阳城区和农村不同级别的妇幼保健站,对参加儿保的婴幼儿家长(或看护人)采用面对面的问卷调查方法调查婴幼儿喂养情况;测量婴幼儿的身长、体重,计算并评价年龄别身长LAZ、年龄别体重WAZ。结果 (1)城区和农村婴幼儿的LAZ和WAZ评分随年龄增加逐渐下降,且农村低于城区,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)农村婴幼儿生长迟缓率在12月龄后增加为13.0%,且高于城区同月龄婴幼儿生长迟缓率;(3)农村婴幼儿添加辅食在6月龄~以上比例高于城区组,且添加辅食时间适中婴幼儿的身长、体重均值大多高于添加过早或过晚者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。辅食添加的种类城区(4.09±1.96)高于农村(2.89±1.31),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(4)动物性食品每周零摄取的比例较高(如鱼类城市为63.12%,农村为76.98%)。结论在贵阳地区农村婴幼儿的生长发育较城市婴幼儿差,与部分农村婴幼儿辅食添加过晚、添加辅食种类少及动物性食物摄入频率低有关。及时合理的辅食添加,对婴幼儿的生长发育均有较大的益处。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze and assess the status of complementary feeding and growth of infants and 6-24 months old young children in Guiyang, in order to explore the relationship between complementary feeding and growth in 6-24 months old young children. It would provide scientific evidences for evaluating infant feeding practice and carrying out the nutritional intervention for young children. Methods Six to 24 months old young children were selected according to the stratified random sampling methodology from different levels of child care station in urban and rural Guiyang. Questionnaire investigating feed approach for young children were given in a face-to-face way. The body length and weight of young children were measured at same time, and Z-scores for the body length and weight of young children at different months were calculated according to WHO reference standard for children below two years old. Results(1) The Z-scores for body length and weight of young children decreased with increasing age, and the Z-scores in rural areas was lower than those in urban areas. The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).(2) The rate of infants retard growth in rural areas increased after 12 month and was higher than the rate in urban areas.(3) The rate of complementary feeding after 6 month in rural areas was higher than the rate in urban areas. The variety of complementary feeding in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).(4) The rate of intake without animal food every week was high(for instance, the rates for food intake without fish were 63.12% in urban areas and 76.98% in rural areas). Conclusion The growth of infant and young children in rural areas was slower than that in urban areas in Guiyang. It may be associated with late complementary feeding, few variety of complementary feeding and inadequate intake of animal food. It would be beneficial for the growth of infants and young children if complementary food is timely introduced.更多还原