【摘要】 目的对贵阳市2009-2013年确诊报告的4例人感染高致病性禽流感病例进行流行病学分析,为进一步科学防控人禽流感提供依据。方法对确诊病例按卫生部《人感染高致病性禽流感流行病学调查方案》进行个案调查,采用RT-PCR或Real Time-PCR法对病例呼吸道标本及外环境标本进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果 4例病例首发症状均有发热等流感样症状,1例治愈,3例死亡。在发病后6 d发现并报告,在发病后8.5 d确诊。4例病例发病前均无外出及病死禽接触史。3例近距离接触过活禽,1例接触速冻生禽。可疑暴露外环境中检测出H5阳性。结论加强不明原因肺炎病例监测,及早发现人禽流感病例,早期开展有效的治疗,可以降低人禽流感病例的病死率。被禽流感病毒污染的农贸市场外环境及速冻生禽是可能的传染源。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The study was conducted to analyze the epidemiology of 4 confirmed cases of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza in Guiyang City between 2009 and 2013, aiming to provide a reference for the scientific control of human avian influenza. Methods Confirmed case were investigated in accordance with the protocol described in the Epidemiological Survey on Human Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza published by the Ministry of Health, and nucleic acids of influenza virus in respiratory tract specimens of the cases and in external environmental specimens were detected by RT-PCR and Real Time-PCR. Results Fever and other flu-like symptoms were the earliest symptoms of the 4 cases, among which 1 was cured and 3 were died from the disease. The cases were reported and confirmed 6 and 8.5 days, respectively, after the onset of the first symptoms. All 4 cases did not travel or had been in contact with dead poultry before the onset of the disease; however, 3 cases had been in close contact with live poultry, and 1 case had been in contact with flash-frozen poultry. H5-positive specimens were detected in suspicious exposed external environments. Conclusion Strengthening the monitoring of pneumonia of unknown causes, early detection of human infections with avian influenza, and early development of effective treatments may lower the mortality of human avian influenza. Avian influenza virus-tainted external environment of farmers’ markets and flash-frozen poultry are the possible sources of transmission.更多还原