【摘要】 目的分析民族中学肺结核流行病学特征,为有效发现学校肺结核提供科学依据。方法采用暴发调查方法,对在校师生进行结核流行病学调查、结核菌素试验、X-Ray胸片或CT检查。结果绵阳民族中学352名学生中发现肺结核10人,发现率为2.84%;卡痕阳性率为23.86%(84/352),是否接种过卡介苗与肺结核发现无关;44.03%(155/352)的学生PPD试验呈现特异性反应,阳性反应率为29.55%(104/352),强阳性反应率为14.49%(51/352);从PPD阳性反应者中随机抽61人查胸片,检出肺结核3人,强阳性反应者中51人查胸片,检出肺结核7人。结论加强对藏区来绵学生肺结核筛查有助于及早发现和控制肺结核疫情。PPD试验与胸片/CT检查相结合可作为学校肺结核筛检的主要方法,并应将PPD试验注射部位硬节直径超过0.5 cm的所有学生全部纳入进一步筛查范围。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective This study was to analyze Tuberculosis(TB) epidemiological characteristics of Mianyang High School for Nationalities, so as to provide evidences for monitoring pulmonary tuberculosis in the school. Methods An outbreak investigation method was implemented to collect information from teachers and students for epidemiological investigation, PPD-test, X-Ray or CT examination. Results 10 TB cases were identified in 352 students, with a discovery rate of 2.84%. The positive rate of BCG scar was 23.86%(84/352). TB discovery was not associated with vaccination. 44.03%(155/352) of PPD test show the specific reaction, where 29.55%(104/352) was positive and 14.49%(51/352) was strongly positive. 61 students with positive PPD test were selected for X-ray/CT chest examination, which identified 3 cases of TB; X-ray/CT chest examination of 51 students with strongly positive PPD tests detected 7 cases of TB. Conclusion Strengthening TB screen can improve the management of TB in Mianyang High School for Nationalities. PPD-test combined with X-Ray/CT examination can be used as a primary screening method in schools. All PPD-tested studnets with the bump diameter after BCG inoculation exceeding 0.5 cm should be taken for further X-Ray/CT chest examination.更多还原