【摘要】 采用溶胶-凝胶法分别制备了木质素纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、玻璃纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维等5种纤维增强型二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料,并对其进行了表征。结果表明:聚丙烯腈纤维增强二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的收缩率最小(仅为9%),且比表面积最大(为583 m2/g);玻璃纤维增强二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的块体光滑度最好;聚丙烯纤维增强二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的透明度最高。纤维本身材质的差别导致了其与凝胶粒子的结合程度有所差异,因而对复合材料块体的透明度、比表面积、收缩率产生影响,而5种纤维增强二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料的疏水性能均非常良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cellulose fiber,polypropylene fiber,polyester fiber,glass fiber,and polyacrylonitrile fiber were used to prepare 5 fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composites by sol-gel method,and they were characterized by SEM,BET,and CA.Results indicated that the polyacrylonitrile fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composite had the smallest shrinkage percentage(only 9%) and the largest specific surface area(583 m2/g).The smoothness of glass fiber composite was the best.The transparency of polypropylene fiber composite was better than the others.The differences between the fibers affected their binding degree to the aerogel particles,and thus affected the composite′s transparency,specific surface area,and shrinkage percentage,but the hydrophobicities of all the 5 prepared composites were good.更多还原