【摘要】 自东京大学1877年建校以来,日本的国立大学已历经130多个春秋。此间,尽管由国家出资设立这一根本属性始终未变,但其"身份"却几经改变:二战前的旧制国立大学是国家附属行政机构,二战后新制国立大学的独立学术组织属性得到认可,21世纪初推行法人化改革以来国立大学成为自主法人实体。随着"身份"的改变,国立大学的办学自主权在逐步扩大。同时,政府在大学发展中的角色,由统制者转变为监管者、督导者。国立大学"身份"的演变,是大学与政府之间的关系发生转变的体现,也是高等教育顺应政治制度、经济形势以及国家战略目标之发展变化的结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since Tokyo University was established in 1877,Japanese national university has gone through more than 130 years. During this period,although Tokyo University has been funded by the government all the way,yet its "identity" has been changed for several times:it was a national subsidiary administrative agency before World War II;it was recognized as an independent academic organization after World War II;it became autonomous legal entity with the corporation reform at the beginning of this century. With the change of its "identity",the university’s autonomy had been expanded constantly. At the same time,the government’s role on university development had also changed from a ruler to a supervisor and instructor. The evolution of "identity" of Japanese national university embodied the shift of the relationship between university and government,it was also the result that higher education conformed to the changes of political system,economic situation and national strategic goals.更多还原