【摘要】 朱熹对人的精神问题的研究与心性思想交织在一起,他对精神的本质与特点、精神的结构与功能、精神活动的本质与现象、精神活动的规律与机制,进行了独具特色的分析。在朱熹看来,精神是在形体系统基础上产生的一个更高层次的大系统,呈现出"太极"结构,系统遵循"阴阳"辨证机制,沿着"体用"模式,在动静、显隐、寤寐、已发未发的状态中变易转换,具体呈现出知、情、意、志、欲等种种心理活动现象。不同的活动状态需要有不同的心理干预手段。朱熹描述的"太极"结构更符合精神系统的整体结构及其活动的实际,体现了富有中国特色的精神心理文化传统,理应成为现代心理学、精神学研究中的"另一种声音"而予以深入研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zhu Xi’s study on the spirit of human being was intertwined with that on xinxing(mind and nature). His analyses on essence and characteristics of spirit, structure and function of spirit, essence and phenomena of spiritual activities, and rules and mechanism of spiritual activities were all distinctive. According to Zhu Xi, spirit is a large system on higher level on the basis of form and structure, which shows the structure of taiji(supreme ultimate). The system follows the rule of yin and yang and the pattern of ti(substance) and yong(function). It transformed back and forth between the status of being active or passive, obvious or hidden, asleep or awake, and triggered or quiescent, embodying various mental activities such as learning, emotions, desire and so on. The taiji structure described by Zhu Xi is in accordance with the framework and operation of spiritual system. In this case, it demonstrates a psychological cultural tradition of Chinese characteristic, which should be valued and regarded as "another voice" of modern psychological and mental studies.更多还原