【摘要】 目的研究大学生不同体质指数对身体机能、身体素质变化的影响,以及对大学生体质健康发展的相互关系,为提高大学生体质健康水平提供依据。方法运用文献资料、体质测试、频数分析和相关性检验等方法对南京8所高校部分大学生的体质指数和学生体质健康测试指标进行分析研究。结果大学女生偏低体重组比例为19.65%,高于同级别男生7.52%,男生超重组及肥胖组所占比例高于同级别女生6.75%、4.56%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),BMI值与维尔维克指数呈正相关,与肺活量体重指数、握力体重指数呈负相关;BMI异常对大学生肺功能及有氧能力具有显著地负面影响,不同BMI组的学生与立定跳远成绩、引体向上成绩呈负相关,与50 m、耐力跑成绩呈显著性正相关,超重组和肥胖组的相对力量素质、心肺耐力能力、身体柔韧性有较大的负面影响。结论应针对不同体质指数学生体质健康特点进行运动处方干预、健康教育和医务监督,提升大学生体质健康发展水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the effects of the body mass index on the physical function and physical changes of college students, as well as its relationship with the development of their health, so as to provide basis for its improvement. Methods The body mass indexes and physical fitness test indicators of some college students from eight colleges and universities in Nanjing were studied by literature research, physical fitness test, frequency analysis and correlation test. Results The proportion of the college girls with low weight(19.65%)was significantly higher than that of the boys(7.52%), while the boys with overweight and obesity accounted for a larger proportion(6.75%)than the girls(4.56%). The BMI value was positively correlated with the Virgin Vic Index and negatively correlated with the lung capacity weight index and gripping power weight index. Abnormal BMI had significantly negative impacts on the lung function and aerobic capacity of the college students. BMI was also negatively correlated with the performance of standing long jump and chin- up, while it was positively connected with the 50-meter and endurance races. The overweight and obese students had poor relative strength quality, cardiorespiratory endurance capacity and body flexibility. Conclusions To improve the physical health of the college students, the exercise prescription intervention, health education and medical supervision should be carried out on the basis of the characteristics of different body mass indexes.更多还原