【摘要】 崇明地区近20年来,城市化进程加快,人为活动对生态系统干扰越来越显著,势必会影响到该地区生态系统健康状况。但至今还没有一个专门针对整个崇明地区生态系统健康进行的研究,根据1989年、2001年、2008年崇明地区遥感图像及统计数据,建立"压力-状态-响应"生态系统健康评价模型,并以崇明县各乡镇行政区划为评价单元,进行生态系统健康的综合评价,以此反映崇明县近20年来生态系统健康状况的时空变化情况,为崇明地区制定可持续发展决策提供理论依据。研究结果表明:(1)崇明地区生态系统健康状况在1989年至2001年间有较明显下降,评价等级变差的区域占总面积的18.93%,而从2001年至2008年,则基本保持稳定。生态系统健康状况下降的原因主要是城市化、耕地开发和滩涂围垦。后期由于崇明县一系列生态环境保护措施的实施,使健康状况保持稳定;(2)崇明北部及东部,生态系统健康状况较好,评价等级保持在二级(较好),中南部状况较差,有较大面积的四级单元(较差),其原因在于较大的建筑用地面积和大量散布在区域内的居民点导致景观的破碎化。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the past twenty years, as the urbanization process of Chongming area being accelerated, the effec of human activities on the ecological system is more and more significant, and this would affect the ecosystem health in the region. But so far no study has been specifically for the whole chongming area ecosystem health. Based on the 1989, 2001, 2008 remote sensing images of Chongming and the statistical data, we established the assessment index system of "press-state-response". Meanwhile, the administrative units of town and village were taken for conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the ecosystem heath. The results reflected the spatial and temporal dynamics of ecosystem health of Chongming County in these 20 years, and provide theoretical basis for chongming area sustainable development decisions. The results are as follows.(1) The ecosystem heath index of Chongming was decreased significantly during 1989-2001; the area in which evaluation results declined was 18.93%. From 2001 to 2008, this index remained stable. The main reasons for the decreasing are urbanization process, farmland occupation and reclamation shallows. For the next decade, due to a series of ecological and environmental protection measures in Chongming County, the health status remained stable.(2) The ecosystem health of the north and the east of Chongming was better than the other areas, and the evaluation results kept in second class(fairly good). The worse area, in fourth class(relatively poor), was distributed in the central south. On account of large area of construction land and a large number of scattered settlements, the ecosystem health is poor.更多还原