【摘要】 近200a前Darwin于1832-1836年间环球考察热带海洋珊瑚礁后,首次建立了珊瑚礁地貌模型并论述其形成机制,该模型总体形态呈全部或部分被上截了顶部的锥形,本文简称为"上截锥型"。此后历经几代学者的研究,都继承了他的珊瑚礁地貌模型。对南海珊瑚礁地貌模型的研究,近年有研究描绘为另外一种模型,该模型的特点是礁外坡为内凹形,礁体形态呈蘑菇状,本文称为"蘑菇型"。本文根据许多南海珊瑚礁地形实测资料和地貌学研究文献,确认南海珊瑚礁地貌模型应为上截锥型,"蘑菇型"珊瑚礁地貌模型并不符合珊瑚礁形成演化规律,在自然界内不存在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Darwin firstly developed the coral reef morphological type and discussed its genetic mechanism,after he performed a global survey for coral reefs in tropical oceans during 1832 to 1836.The overall morphology of coral reef in his model looks like a wholly or partly truncated cone-shape,which is called as"the truncated taper"type in this paper.Subsequent several-generation researchers accepted his model.In recent time some workers have put forward another type for coral reefs after studying on geomorphologic characteristics of coral reefs in the South China Sea(SCS).In this new model,the outer reef slope takes on a concave curve and the reef’s shape is mushroomlike,and the model is called as mushroom-like type in this paper.Based on the measured data and references in geomorphology,we confirmed that the morphological type of coral reefs in the SCS is not the mushroom-like type but the truncated cone-shape,because the former one didn’t match the rules for the formation and evolution of coral reefs in nature.更多还原