【摘要】 为丰富针毛鼠种群生态学资料,给其测报及防治提供依据。对贵州省余庆县、岑巩县、雷山县、凯里市1984~2013年针毛鼠的形态及其种群生态特征统计分析,结果表明:雌、雄鼠形态特征无显著性差异。该鼠主要栖息于旱地耕作区,占总鼠数的3.84%,平均捕获率为0.19%。不同年度之间种群数量存在明显差异,全年种群数量在5月和10月出现2个数量高峰,平均捕获率均为0.27%,春季、夏季和秋季种群数量明显高于冬季。种群总性比为0.82,平均怀孕率为27.92%,平均胎仔数为5.12只,平均子宫斑数为5.36只,平均睾丸下降率为59.89%,平均繁殖指数为0.65。3~9月为主要繁殖期,其间在3~4月和7~8月出现2个种群繁殖高峰,春季和夏季为主要繁殖季节。每年4月和8月是防治该鼠的最佳时期,防治重点区域为旱地耕作区。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to enrich population ecology materials of Niviventer fulvescens and provide basis for prediction and control,the population morphological characteristics of Niviventer fulvescens was analyzed statistically in Yuqing county,Cengong county,Leishan county,Kaili city,Guizhou province from 1984 to 2013. The results showed that there was no significant difference in morphological characteristics between female and male. The rodent mainly inhabited in dry farming area,accounting for 3. 84% of the total number of rodents,and the average capture rate was 0. 19%. There was significant difference in population quantity between different years,and two population quantity peaks was observed in May and October and the average capture rate was 0. 27%. The population sex ratio was 0. 82,the average pregnancy rate was 27. 92%,the average litter size was 5. 12,the average uterus streak was 5. 36,the average testicular descent rate was 59. 89%,and the average reproductive index was 0. 65. The population quantity in spring,summer and autumn were significantly higher than in winter. The main reproductive period was March to September. The two population reproductive peaks in March to April and July to August. The main reproductive seasons were spring and summer. In conclusion,April and August are the best prevention and control period. The key prevention and control area is dry farming land.更多还原